Culture of coral reef fishes.

Austasia Aquaculture: 11 (3), August/September 1997: 56–59.

Summary:

Over  the  past  couple  of  years,  a  number  of  differ-ent  coral  reef  fish  species  have  been  successfully spawned  and  reared  at  James  Cook  University ,with relatively high rates of survival. A list of these species is shown in Table 1 (see next page). Some ofthe  species  listed  have  been  spawned,  but  the  larvae have not yet been reared.

Erfolgreich nachgezogen wurden:

• Amphiprion  melanopus
• Amphiprion  percula
• Premnas  biaculeatus
• Neopomacentrus bankieri
• Pomacentrus amboinensis

job-biblio

Coral reef fish breeding: the secrets of each species.

Aquaculture 224 (1-4): 69-78

Abstract

In recent years, the interest in the trade of tropical fish has increased significantly, with direct negative repercussions on coral reefs and marine ecosystems.

The reproduction and rearing of some of the species most commonly used in the aquarium trade actually represent an economical and ecological tool for broadening development. The present study illustrates the first case ever of a small Indo-Pacific Pomacentridae, Chrysiptera parasema, successfully reared in captivity. Eggs were obtained from spawners reared in 80-l tanks under controlled conditions. Spawning began after 3 months: the couples were formed, and eggs were laid after a brief courtship. The male normally guarded the nest and chased away the female if she entered it.

The eggs, about 300 in number, are demersal and elongate ovoidal in shape, measuring approximately 1.2–1.5 mm and coming with a large oil globule. Hatching took place at 28 °C during the first 2 h of darkness, over a total time period of 96 h. A proper diet of enriched PUFA as a first food, combined with a photoperiod of 24L/0D, proved essential for survival of the C. parasema larvae.

These results are very promising in terms of both future captive production of ornamental fish and efforts to minimize environmental impact.

olivotto-biblio

Notes on Reproduction of the Zebra Shark, Stegostoma fasciatum, in a Captive Environment.

In: SMITH, M. et al. (2004) The Elasmobranch Husbandry Manual: Captive Care of Sharks, Rays and their Relatives: 493-497. ISBN-13: 978-0-86727-152-3

Abstract:

A pair of zebra sharks (Stegostoma fasciatum) successfully reproduced in the Shark Reef exhibit, Henry Doorly Zoo. Mating behavior was similar to that described for the nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) (Klimley, 1980; Carrier et al., 1994) and chain dogfish (Scyliorhinus retifer) (Castro et al., 1988). Between September 1998 and September 2000, 80 fertile eggs were laid. Mean incubation time was 152.5±26.5 days, newborns had a mean TL of 30.2±0.8 cm, and mean weight of 92.2±14.0 grams. Increased water temperature resulted in decreased incubation time (R2=0.887, n=6).

kunze-biblio

Virgin birth in a hammerhead shark.

Biol Lett. 2007 Aug 22; 3 (4): 425–427.
Published online 2007 May 22. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2007.0189

Abstract:

Parthenogenesis has been documented in all major jawed vertebrate lineages except mammals and cartilaginous fishes (class Chondrichthyes: sharks, batoids and chimeras). Reports of captive female sharks giving birth despite being held in the extended absence of males have generally been ascribed to prior matings coupled with long-term sperm storage by the females. Here, we provide the first genetic evidence for chondrichthyan parthenogenesis, involving a hammerhead shark (Sphyrna tiburo). This finding also broadens the known occurrence of a specific type of asexual development (automictic parthenogenesis) among vertebrates, extending recently raised concerns about the potential negative effect of this type of facultative parthenogenesis on the genetic diversity of threatened vertebrate species.

chapman-biblio

Captive reproduction of sea turtles: An important success story.

Proceedings of the International SymposiumReproduction of Marine Life, Birth of New Life! Investigating the Mysteries of Reproduction. February 21-22, 2009, Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium, 2009: 23-40.

Abstract

All seven extant species of sea turtles are considered endangered or threatened with extinction. Because of their commercial value for food (particularly the green turtle) and for craft materials (bekko or tortoiseshell from the hawksbill turtle) they have been heavily exploited around the world. Sea turtles are also charismatic animals to view in large aquaria and three species have proven easily reared in captivity. Initially, in the 1970s, the green sea turtle was bred in captivity by the Cayman Turtle Farm on Grand Cayman Island in the Caribbean. Subsequently, the loggerhead, Kemp’s ridley and hawksbill have also been bred in captivity at several aquaria and research labs around the world. Research on captive sea turtles has proven very important in improving our understanding of the reproductive biology of sea turtles. Our group, as well as other researchers, has made key original observations on captive animals, particularly at the Cayman Turtle Farm over the last four decades. These include the first evidence of temperature dependent sex determination in sea turtles, the first understanding of the ovulation cycle in any sea turtle, the first description of the hormonal control of reproduction 2 in turtles, the first quantitative description of mating and courtship behaviour in a sea turtle, and the first captive breeding of the green, hawksbill, loggerhead and Kemp’s ridley sea turtles. In addition, multiple paternity has been observed in captive greens with as high as seven fathers in a single clutch. Proper nutrition in captive animals has permitted sea turtles to reach sexual maturity 2-5 times faster than they do in the wild. On the other hand, imbalanced free fatty acid ratios from the diet appear to cause a reduction in viability of captive bred embryos. Finally, unique observations of sea turtles in aquaria have improved our knowledge of physiological processes such as the occurrence and possible seasonal cycles of a softened plastron in adult males, an adaptation important in mating behaviour. It can be argued that successful captive breeding of four species of sea turtles, while not favoured as a current conservation strategy, has nonetheless reduced the prospect of extinction for these species. Captive breeding programs for the other three species would teach us much more about these turtles and improve the longterm conservation options for these species as well.

owens-biblio

Breeding Japanese serows Capricornis crispus in captivity.

International Zoo Yearbook 7: 174-175.

Inhalt:

Es wird ei n Überblick über die 1966 in Japan gehaltenen Seraue gegeben. Der Kobe Oji-Zoo erhielt 1964 ein Paar. Am 25. August 1965 kam es zur ersten Geburt, im Juli 1966 zur zweiten.

yamamoto-biblio

Natural Rearing of Clouded Leopards Neofelis nebulosa at Frankfurt Zoo.

Int. Zoo Yearbook 5: 111.113.

Inhalt:

Am 20. April 1963 wurden 1.2 Junge geboren, die von der Mutter angenommen und problemlos aufgezogen wurden. Es werden Angaben zur körperlichen Entwicklung sowie zum Verhalten von Mutter und Jungtieren gemacht.

fellner-biblio

Breeding Clouded Leopard Neofelis nebulosa at Dallas Zoo.

Int. Zoo Yearbook 5: 113-114

Inhalt:

Am 4.März 1963 wurden erstmal 2.2 Jungtiere geboren. Nachdem die Mutter eines davon verletzt hatte, wurde versucht,  die übrigen von Hand aufzuziehen, was in einem Fall gelang.

fontaine-biblio

Oceanic Institute Achieves Breakthroughs In Culture Technology For Yellow Tang.

Global Aquaculture Advocate (January February 2013): 82-84.

Summary:

The culture of yellow tang represents a considerable economic opportunity and critical conservation strategy in coral reef ecosystem protection. The Oceanic Institute is working to establish aquaculture techniques to reduce the capture of wild yellow tang. Despite bottlenecks, improvements in broodstock holding systems and dietary regimes are raising egg output and quality. Specialized larval-rearing tanks enable the generation of large numbers of larvae through the critical first-feeding period. Refined lighting and equipment are leading to more consistent feeding.

Volltext (PDF)

Our Breeding Experiences With Sturisoma aureum.

Cat Chat - The Official Journal of The Catfish Study Group (UK) 1 (1): 4.

Inhalt:

Die Haltung und Zucht von Goldstörwelsen wird beschrieben. Nachdem die Jungfische innerhalb weniger Wochen gestorben waren, wurde bei weiteren Gelegen dem Wasser ein flüssiges Nahrungsergänzungsmittel (Optima) beigesetzt und die Jungen konnten aufgezogen werden.