The larval development of a fresh-water prawn, Palaemon pandaliformis (STIMPSON, 1871), under laboratory conditions (Decapoda, Palaemonidae).

Crustaceana 71(1): 9-35

Abstract:

The larval development pf the palaemonid prawn Palaemon pandaliformis (Stimpson, 1871) was followed under laboratory conditions. Metamorphosis to postlarvae was first observed 19 days after hatching at a temperature of 27 ± 1 ºC in freshwater, after passing through several larval stages. It was also posisble to obtain postlarvae after eight, nine, an ten larval stages. The pattern of development ist discusse in relation to other Palaemon species with a similar number of larval stages. This is the only species in the genus with the third pereiopod appearing as a rudimentary bud in the first larval stage.

gamba-biblio

Ordnung: Pfefferartige (Piperales)
Familie: Osterluzeigewächse (Aristolochiaceae)

Es gibt etwa 500 Arten Aristolochien-Gewächse. Der Botanische Garten der Technischen Universität Dresden besitzt mit über 100 Arten die bedeutendste Sammlung in Deutschland und weit darüber hinaus [1].

Ordnung: Pfefferartige (Piperales)
Familie: Osterluzeigewächse (Aristolochiaceae)

Literatur und Internetquellen:

1. BOTANISCHE GÄRTEN BONN
2. BOTANISCHER GARTEN DRESDEN
3. DE WIT, H. C. D., BOEDIJN, K. B. (1964-1967)
4. NATURALISTA - Aristolochia maxima
5. SUNSHINE SEEDS
6. ZIMMERPFLANZEN-LEXIKON

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Phylogeographic Patterns in Africa and High Resolution Delineation of Genetic Clades in the Lion (Panthera leo).

Sci Rep 6, 30807 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep30807

Abstract:

Comparative phylogeography of African savannah mammals shows a congruent pattern in which populations in West/Central Africa are distinct from populations in East/Southern Africa. However, for the lion, all African populations are currently classified as a single subspecies (Panthera leo leo), while the only remaining population in Asia is considered to be distinct (Panthera leo persica). This distinction is disputed both by morphological and genetic data. In this study we introduce the lion as a model for African phylogeography. Analyses of mtDNA sequences reveal six supported clades and a strongly supported ancestral dichotomy with northern populations (West Africa, Central Africa, North Africa/Asia) on one branch and southern populations (North East Africa, East/Southern Africa and South West Africa) on the other. We review taxonomies and phylogenies of other large savannah mammals, illustrating that similar clades are found in other species. The described phylogeographic pattern is considered in relation to large scale environmental changes in Africa over the past 300,000 years, attributable to climate. Refugial areas, predicted by climate envelope models, further confirm the observed pattern. We support the revision of current lion taxonomy, as recognition of a northern and a southern subspecies is more parsimonious with the evolutionary history of the lion.

bertola-biblio

Über den Auerochsen und seine Rückzüchtung.

Jahrbuch des Nassauischen Vereins für Naturkunde 90:107-124

Volltext (PDF)

Der Ur, Auer oder Auerochs (Bos primigenius L.) gehört zu den erst in den letzten Jahrhunderten, und zwar durch menschliche Einwirkung auf der Erde ausgestorbenen großen freilebenden Säugetierarten und hielt sich  bis zum Ausgang des Mittelalters. Nach den Überlieferungen wurde die letzte Auerkuh in diesem Raum im Jahre 1627 in Jaktorowo, einem heute verschwundenen Waldgebiet bei Warschau, erlegt. Damit war eine einst recht häufige Säugetierart ausgerottet, die für die Entwicklung des Menschen von größter Bedeutung war, denn die von diesem Wildtier abstammenden Hausrinder haben zweifellos unsere menschliche Kultur bis heute beeinflußt.

Schon vor mehr als 25 Jahren entstand bei meinem Bruder HEINZ HECK und mir die Frage, ob es möglich wäre, aus heute lebenden Rinderrassen den Auerochsen wieder  neu zu züchten....

heck-biblio

Systema Naturae.

Volltext (Band 1) der 12. Auflage (1766) digitalisiert:

Teil 1 (1766)

Teil 2 (1767)

Das Werk erschien in 12 von LINNÉ selbst besorgten Auflagen. Der volle Titel der 1. Auflage, verlegt von Theodor HAAK in Leiden, lautete: Systema naturæ, sive regna tria naturæ systematice proposita per classes, ordines, genera, & species.

Die für die heutige Nomenklatur wichtigste, zweibändigen 10. Auflage erschien 1758 bei Lars SALVI in Stockholm unter dem endgültigen Titel: Systema naturæ, sive regna tria naturæ systematice proposita per classes, ordines, genera, & species , cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. In dieser Auflage wandte LINNÉ für die Bezeichnung der Tiere erstmals konsequent die binäre Nomenklatur an.

linne-biblio

Diversity of Fish Fauna in Gediz Estuary Lagoons (Izmir Bay/Aegean Sea).

Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 7 (9):1146-1150). ISSN: 1680-5593.

Abstract:

In order to establish the present fish fauna in Gediz estuary lagoons, sampling was conducted in the 4 stations, one inside Gediz river mouth and 3 in the lagoons during 2004. In the first station, a commercial trawling with 44 mm codend mesh size to determine fish fauna was used and sub marine observations or beach seine of 1 mm mesh size employed to establish fish fauna in the lagoons, K rdeniz, Homa and Çilazmak, which are relatively shallow. In addition some physicochemical parameters such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH and chlorophyl-a which all play significant roles were measured for each stations monthly. As the result of the research, 56 fish species of 24 families were found from the 4 stations. According to a Bray-Curtis similarity index and multi dimensional scaling analysis in relation to the lagoons, 2 groups are formed based on diversity of fish fauna; Krdeniz, Homa and Çilazmak are similar to one another in diversity of species, with the first station being different from them.

bayan-biblio

Distribution and current status of herpetofauna in the Gediz Delta (Western Anatolia, Turkey).

Herpetology Notes 11: 1-15 (2018) (published online on 10 January 2018)

Abstract:

In  this study, we conducted an inventory of amphibians and reptiles between 2013 and 2016 in the Gediz Delta (İzmir, Turkey). The field results were combined with existing records. According to the data obtained, a total of 35 herptile species live in the region, comprising 7 amphibians  (2 urodeles, 5  anurans) and 28  reptiles (6 chelonians,  10 lizards and  12 snakes). Five species (Lissotriton vulgaris, Triturus ivanbureschi, Heremites auratus, Platyceps collaris and Telecopus fallax) were recorded  for the first time in the Gediz Delta during the study. A chorotype  classification and potential threats of the species are also presented.

arslan-biblio

Gene flow between insular, coastal and interior populations of brown bears in Alaska.

Molecular Ecology  7(10): 1283-1292. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294x.1998.00440.x

Abstract:

The brown bears of coastal Alaska have been recently regarded as comprising from one to three distinct genetic groups. We sampled brown bears from each of the regions for which hypotheses of genetic uniqueness have been made, including the bears of the Kodiak Archipelago and the bears of Admiralty, Baranof and Chichagof (ABC) Islands in southeast Alaska. These samples were analysed with a suite of nuclear microsatellite markers. The ‘big brown bears’ of coastal Alaska were found to be part of the continuous continental distribution of brown bears, and not genetically isolated from the physically smaller ‘grizzly bears’ of the interior. By contrast, Kodiak brown bears appear to have experienced little or no genetic exchange with continental populations in recent generations. The bears of the ABC Islands, which have previously been shown to undergo little or no female‐mediated gene flow with mainland populations, were found not to be genetically isolated from mainland bears. The data from the four insular populations indicate that female and male dispersal can be reduced or eliminated by water barriers of 2–4 km and 7km in width, respectively.

paetkau-biblio

Vocal Diversity and Taxonomy of Nomascus in Central Vietnam and Southern Laos.

International Journal of Primatology 31: 73–94.

Abstract:

Previous researchers suggested that gibbon song repertoire is genetically determined and song characteristics are useful for assessing systematic relationships. The southern white-cheeked crested gibbon is regarded as either a subspecies of Nomascus leucogenys or its own species (Nomascus siki). I studied vocal diversity among different wild populations of Nomascus in central Vietnam and southern Laos to assess their taxonomic relationships and to examine whether their vocal patterns correspond to forms previously described for Nomascus siki. I examined the songs of 7 Nomascus populations in Vietnam and Laos. I analyzed 192 song bouts from different gibbon groups including 173 phrases of 42 females and 192 phrases of 42 males. Linear discriminant analysis, classification trees, and multidimensional scaling revealed marked separation of groups in the northern and southern populations. Within the 2 geographic populations, there is little variability and the vocal characteristics exhibited no apparent cline. I conclude that the northern and southern geographic populations may represent 2 distinct taxa. I postulate that a taxonal boundary such as large rivers existing between southern Quang Binh province and northern Thua-Thien Hue province in Vietnam and northern Phou Xang He NBCA and southern Dong Phou Vieng NBCA in Laos has limited gene flow between the populations. Differing topographic features could also serve as a selective force for improved sound transmission in a highly territorial species, driving the divergence between the 2 populations.

ruppell-biblio

Phylogenetic relationships of Mesoamerican spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi): Molecular evidence suggests the need for a revised taxonomy.

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 82: 484-494.

Abstract:

Mesoamerican spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi sensu lato) are widely distributed from Mexico to northern Colombia. This group of primates includes many allopatric forms with morphologically distinct pelage color and patterning, but its taxonomy and phylogenetic history are poorly understood. We explored the genetic relationships among the different forms of Mesoamerican spider monkeys using mtDNA sequence data, and we offer a new hypothesis for the evolutionary history of the group. We collected up to ~800 bp of DNA sequence data from hypervariable region 1 (HV1) of the control region, or D-loop, of the mitochondrion for multiple putative subspecies of Ateles geoffroyi sensu lato. Both maximum likelihood and Bayesian reconstructions, using Ateles paniscus as an outgroup, showed that (1) A. fusciceps and A. geoffroyi form two different monophyletic groups and (2) currently recognized subspecies of A. geoffroyi are not monophyletic. Within A. geoffroyi, our phylogenetic analysis revealed little concordance between any of the classifications proposed for this taxon and their phylogenetic relationships, therefore a new classification is needed for this group. Several possible clades with recent divergence times (1.7–0.8 Ma) were identified within Ateles geoffroyi sensu lato. Some previously recognized taxa were not separated by our data (e.g., A. g. vellerosus and A. g. yucatanensis), while one distinct clade had never been described as a different evolutionary unit based on pelage or geography (Ateles geoffroyi ssp. indet. from El Salvador). Based on well-supported phylogenetic relationships, our results challenge previous taxonomic arrangements for Mesoamerican spider monkeys. We suggest a revised arrangement based on our data and call for a thorough taxonomic revision of this group.

morales-biblio