Phoca sibirica.

Mammalian Species No. 188: 1-6. 4 Abbildungen.

Veröffentlicht am 23. November 1982 durch die American Society of Mammalogists.

Volltext:

https://academic.oup.com/mspecies/article-abstract/doi/10.2307/3503825/2600254?redirectedFrom=PDF

thomas-biblio

BYRNE, H., RYLANDS, A.B., CARNEIRO, J.C., LYNCH ALFARO, J.W., BERTUOL, F., DA SILVA, M.N.F., MESSIAS, M., GROVES, C.P., MITTERMEIER, R.A., FARIAS, T., HRBECK, T., SCHNEIDER, H., SAMPAIO, T. & BOUBLI, J. P. (2016)

Phylogenetic relationships of the New World titi monkeys (Callicebus): first appraisal of taxonomy based on molecular evidence.

Frontiers in Zoology201613:10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-016-0142-4

Abstract:

Background

Titi monkeys, Callicebus, comprise the most species-rich primate genus—34 species are currently recognised, five of them described since 2005. The lack of molecular data for titi monkeys has meant that little is known of their phylogenetic relationships and divergence times. To clarify their evolutionary history, we assembled a large molecular dataset by sequencing 20 nuclear and two mitochondrial loci for 15 species, including representatives from all recognised species groups. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred using concatenated maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses, allowing us to evaluate the current taxonomic hypothesis for the genus.
Results

Our results show four distinct Callicebus clades, for the most part concordant with the currently recognised morphological species-groups—the torquatus group, the personatus group, the donacophilus group, and the moloch group. The cupreus and moloch groups are not monophyletic, and all species of the formerly recognized cupreus group are reassigned to the moloch group. Two of the major divergence events are dated to the Miocene. The torquatus group, the oldest radiation, diverged c. 11 Ma; and the Atlantic forest personatus group split from the ancestor of all donacophilus and moloch species at 9–8 Ma. There is little molecular evidence for the separation of Callicebus caligatus and C. dubius, and we suggest that C. dubius should be considered a junior synonym of a polymorphic C. caligatus.

Conclusions

Considering molecular, morphological and biogeographic evidence, we propose a new genus level taxonomy for titi monkeys: Cheracebus n. gen. in the Orinoco, Negro and upper Amazon basins (torquatus group), Callicebus Thomas, 1903, in the Atlantic Forest (personatus group), and Plecturocebus n. gen. in the Amazon basin and Chaco region (donacophilus and moloch groups).

byrne-biblio

Bovids of the World Antelopes, Gazelles, Cattle, Goats, Sheep, and Relatives.

Foreword by Brent Huffman & Colin Groves.

664 Seiten, 337 farbige Abbildungen, 313 Verbreitungskarten.
Princeton Press. ISBN-13: 9781400880652

Inhalt:

Bovids are a diverse group of ruminant mammals that have hooves and unbranched hollow horns. Bovids of the World is the first comprehensive field guide to cover all 279 bovid species, including antelopes, gazelles, cattle, buffaloes, sheep, and goats. From the hartebeest of Africa and the takin of Asia to the muskox of North America, bovids are among the world's most spectacular animals and this stunningly illustrated and easy-to-use field guide is an ideal way to learn more about them.

The guide covers all species and subspecies of bovids described to date. It features more than 300 superb full-color plates depicting every kind of bovid, as well as detailed facing-page species accounts that describe key identification features, horn morphology, distribution, subspeciation, habitat, and conservation status in the wild. This book also shows where to observe each species and includes helpful distribution maps.

Suitable for anyone with an interest in natural history, Bovids of the World is a remarkable and attractive reference, showcasing the range and beauty of these important mammals.

• The first comprehensive field guide to all 279 bovid species
• 337 full-color plates, with more than 1,500 photographs
• Detailed species accounts describe key identification features, distribution, subspeciation, habitat, behavior, reproduction, and conservation status
• Fully updated and revised taxonomy, with common and scientific names
• Easy-to-read distribution maps

castello-biblio

Taxonomic and phylogenetic status of living and fossil kangaroos and wallabies of the genus Macropus Shaw (Macropodidae: Marsupialia), with a new subgeneric name for the larger wallabies.

Australian Journal of Zoology 33(4): 413-423

Abstract:

Historical concepts of the generic status of the macropodines commonly known as kangaroos and wallabies are reviewed in this paper. A new diagnosis is provided for the genus Macropus, encompassing both living and fossil forms, and using cladistic principles to assess the phylogenetic value of diagnostic characters where possible. Cytological, biochemical and anatomical characters are used. Fourteen living and 11 extinct species of Macropus are recognized. Of these, 20 species have been classified into three subgenera, M. (Macropusj, M. (Osphranter) and a new subgenus, M. (Notamacro-pusj, as follows: M. (M.) giganteus, M. (M.) fuliginosus, M. (M.) mundjabus, M. (M.) pan, M. (M.) pear-soni and M. (M.) ferragus\ M. (O.) antilopinus, M. (O.) bernardus, M. (O.) robustus, M. (O.) rufus and M. (O.) pavana\ M. (N.) rufogriseus, M. (N.) eugenii, M. (N.) parryi, M. (N.) dorsalis, M. (N.) irma, M. (N.j agilis, M. (N.) greyi, M. (N.) parma, M. (N.j wombeyensis and M. (N.) thor. Four poorly known extinct species, M. dryas, M. rama, M. woodsi and M. narada, have not yet been allocated to a subgenus. Prionotemnus palankarinnicus Stirton, 1957 is shown to belong outside Macropus. Because it is the type-species of Prionotemnus, that name is not available for a subgenus of Macropus. A current synonymy is presented for fossil species and the known stratigraphic range is given for each species. A phylogeny is presented expressing our view that M. (Notamacropus) is the most plesiomorphic subgenus and M. (Macropus) is the most derived.

dawson-biblio

Stonogobiops yasha, a new shrimp-associated goby from Japan.

Ichthyol. Res. (2001) 48: 405–408.

Abstract:

A new shrimp-associated goby, Stonogobiops yasha sp. nov., is described on the basis  of  nine  specimens  collected  from  the  Ryukyu  Islands,  Japan.  This  species  is  easily distinguished  from  other  congeneric  species  in  having  reddish-orange  stripes  on  a  white body and only two median cephalic sensory pores on the head.

Revision of the Indo-Pacific Gobiid Fish Genus Valenciennea, with Descriptions of Seven New Species.

71 Seiten, 6 Bildtafeln mit 35 Farbfotos, 11 Strichzeichnungen und Verbreitungskarten, 26 Tabellen.
Bishop Museum, Hawaii.

Inhalt:

The Indo-Pacific gobiid genus Valenciennea is distinctive from other gobiids in having completely separate pelvic fins, reduced gill rakers on the first arch, large fleshy flaps dorsally on the gill arch, single row of teeth in the upperjaw, small scales in 62-142 rows, second dorsal and anal rays I,11-19, relatively large adult body size of 30 to about 160 mm SL, and usually with one or more longitudinal stripes on the head and often the body.

Fifteen species are recognized, separable on the basis of scale and fin-ray counts, first dorsal fin shape, and color pattern: V. alleni, n. sp., described from Australia, has 2 stripes on the body, a black spot at the tip of the first dorsal fin, and second dorsal rays usually I,15; V. bella, n. sp. from Japan and the Philippines, has a single head stripe, no body stripes, second dorsal usually I,15, and a high first dorsal fin; V. decora, n. sp. from Australia and New Caledonia, has one or more vertical bars connected to a single ventral stripe, an elongate black bar on the first dorsal fin, and second dorsal I,11; V. helsdingenii, widespread in the Indo-west Pacific, has an elongate black spot on the first dorsal fin, 2 dark stripes on the body, and 2 elongate filaments on the caudal fin; V. immaculata, with a disjunct distribution (China, Western Australia, and southeastern Australia), has 2 stripes on the body, a low rounded first dorsal fin without black spots, and second dorsal usually I,14-17 (it is most similar to V. alleni); V. limicola, n. sp. described from Thailand and Fiji, has 2 stripes on the body, a low rounded first dorsal fin without black spots, and second dorsal usually I,17; V. longipinnis, a widespread species from the eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific, has a low rounded first dorsal fin, horseshoe-shaped marks on the midside, and second dorsal I,12; V. muralis, similar to and having the same distribution as V. longipinnis, has 3 stripes on the body, a pointed first dorsal fin. with a small black spot at the tip, and second dorsal I,12; V. parva, n. sp., a widespread Indo-west Pacific dwarf species, has longitudinal stripes, a low rounded first dorsal fin, and second dorsal I,12 (juveniles are easily mistaken for V. longipinnis, which has higher scale counts); V. persica, n. sp., endemic to the Persian Gulf, has a single stripe posteriorly on the body, a longitudinal series of spots above the midside, and second dorsal ray counts of I,13-14 (it is most similar to V. puellaris); V. puellaris, a widespread Indo-west Pacific species which varies considerably geographically is distinctive in having a moderately high first dorsal fin without black spots, body with a single stripe and spots or oblique or vertical bars on body, and second dorsal I,12; V. randalli, n. sp. from the western Pacific, has a high first dorsal fin, a single stripe on the body, and second dorsal usually I,l7 (it is similar to V. bella and V. strigata); V. sexguttata, a widespread Indo-west Pacific species, has a pointed first dorsal fin with a black spot at the tip, round spots on the head, a single stripe on the body, and second dorsal I,l2; V. strigata, a widespread Indo-west Pacific species, has a high first dorsal fin without black spots, no stripe on the body, and second dorsal usually I,17-18; V. wardii, a rare, but widespread Indian Ocean and western Pacific species, has a large black spot posteriorly on the first dorsal. a series of vertical bars, no stripe on body, and second dorsal I,12.

Fishes of the genus dig their own burrows and most species occur in male-female pairs. These fishes feed on small invertebrates, particularly copepods, by sifting sand. The species are typically associated with specific types of sediment, and only rarely does more than one species occur in the same habitat.

Considerable geographical variation was found in fin-ray and scale counts in several species, but only V. puellaris, V. sexguttata, and V. wardii showed much variation in coloration.

Tracing the first steps of American sturgeon pioneers in Europe.

BMC Evolutionary Biology 8:221. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-8-221.

Abstract:

Background: A Baltic population of Atlantic sturgeon was founded ~1,200 years ago by migrants from North America, but after centuries of persistence, the population was extirpated in the 1960s, mainly as a result of over-harvest and habitat alterations. As there are four genetically distinct groups of Atlantic sturgeon inhabiting North American rivers today, we investigated the genetic provenance of the historic Baltic population by ancient DNA analyses using mitochondrial and nuclear markers.

Results: The phylogeographic signal obtained from multilocus microsatellite DNA genotypes and mitochondrial DNA control region haplotypes, when compared to existing baseline datasets from extant populations, allowed for the identification of the region-of-origin of the North American Atlantic sturgeon founders. Moreover, statistical and simulation analyses of the multilocus genotypes allowed for the calculation of the effective number of individuals that originally founded the European population of Atlantic sturgeon. Our findings suggest that the Baltic population of A. oxyrinchus descended from a relatively small number of founders originating from the northern extent of the species' range in North America.

Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the most northerly distributed North American A. oxyrinchus colonized the Baltic Sea ~1,200 years ago, suggesting that Canadian specimens should be the primary source of broodstock used for restoration in Baltic rivers. This study illustrates the great potential of patterns obtained from ancient DNA to identify population-of-origin to investigate historic genotype structure of extinct populations.

Sharks of the World.

406 Seiten, mit 128 Farbtafeln, 500 Strichzeichnungen und 500 Verbreitungskarten.
Princeton Universitry Press. ISBN-13: 9780691120720.

Verlagstext

Everyone's heard of the Great Whites. But most people know little of the hundreds of other types of sharks that inhabit the world's oceans. Written by two of the world's leading authorities and superbly illustrated by wildlife artist Marc Dando, this is the first comprehensive field guide to all 440-plus shark species. Color plates illustrate all species, and detailed accounts include diagnostic line drawings and a distribution map for each species. Introductory chapters treat physiology, behavior, reproduction, ecology, diet, and sharks' interrelationships with humans.

• More than 125 original full-color illustrations for fast and accurate identification of each shark family
• Over 500 additional drawings illustrating physical features from different angles
• Clear identification information for each species with details of size, habitat, behavior, and biology
• Quick ID guide helpful for differentiating similar species
• Geographic distribution maps for each species
• For professional and amateur shark enthusiasts

Zur Zoogeographie westpaläarktischer Tenebrionidae (Insecta: Coleoptera).

Phil.II Diss Universität Basel
368 Seiten.

Zusammenfassung:

Die Tenebrionidae gehören mit mehr als 20.000 beschriebenen Arten zu den großen Käferfamilien. In den Bereichen Taxonomie, Faunistik, Biogeographie und Ökologie werden sie seit mehr als 250 Jahren erforscht.

Die Geschichte der Erforschung der Tenebrionidae wird von Carl von LINNÉ, der als erster Naturforscher Vertreter dieser Familie beschrieben hat, bis zu den heutigen Bearbeitern dargestellt. Im 18. Jahrhundert beschränkten sich die Coleopterologen auf kurze, nach heutigem Maßstab in der Regel unzureichende Beschreibungen. Im 19. Jahrhundert wurden die Informationen zu den Arten meist umfangreicher, erste Monographien, Bestimmungstabellen und Kataloge wurden veröffentlicht. Die Spezialisierung der Coleopterologen, die sich mit der Taxonomie beschäftigten, auf eine oder auf wenige Familien begann zwar im 19. Jahrhundert, setzte sich aber verstärkt im 20. Jahrhundert fort. Jetzt traten auch die ersten Tenebrionidologinnen in Erscheinung. Neue Teilgebiete wurden erschlossen: Einige Forscher bearbeiteten Larven der Tenebrionidae, andere die Systematik. Es kam zu gravierenden Änderungen in der Zusammensetzung der Familie. Zu Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts hielt die Molekulargenetik Einzug in die Bearbeitung der Tenebrionidae.

Nach dieser langen Zeit könnte die Erforschung der Familie weitgehend abgeschlossen sein. Daher werden vier Hypothesen aufgestellt:

Hypothese 1: Es sind inzwischen nahezu alle Arten bekannt. Dies sollte vor allem auf die westliche Paläarktis zutreffen, da aus diesem Gebiet die meisten Coleopterologen stammen.
Hypothese 2: Die Faunistik der Tenebrionidae ist weit fortgeschritten. Aus den meisten Staaten und Regionen der westlichen Paläarktis liegen Faunenlisten mit zusätzlichen Informationen zu den Arten vor.
Hypothese 3: Die beschriebenen Arten lassen sich mit Hilfe der Beschreibungen und/oder Bestimmungstabellen auch ohne Vergleich mit dem Holo-, Lecto- oder Neotypus voneinander eindeutig unterscheiden. Neue Revisionen sind nicht mehr notwendig. Dies gilt zumindest für die Westpaläarktis.
Hypothese 4: Die Ausbreitungsgeschichte der Tenebrionidae ist zumindest für die Arten der westlichen Paläarktis bekannt.

Anhand eigener taxonomischer, faunistischer und biogeographischer Untersuchungen zu Tenebrionidae der Westpaläarktis, die vollständig oder in Ausschnitten in diese Arbeit eingebunden sind, und mit Hilfe von Publikationen von Kollegen werden die Hypothesen geprüft.
Zunächst werden Einzelbeschreibungen von Arten, einer Untergattung und einer Gattung aus dem Nahen Osten vorgestellt: zwei Arten der Gattung Erodius aus Syrien und Oman, eine neue Gattung und Art aus dem Sinai und Jordanien, eine arboricole Art aus Israel, Libanon und von den Golan-Höhen sowie eine neue Untergattung und Art aus dem Sinai und dem Negev. Beispiele weiterer in den letzten Jahren publizierter Neubeschreibungen belegen, daß selbst in der gut bearbeiteten Westpaläarktis noch immer neue Arten zu entdecken sind.

Biology and ecology of Circellium bacchus (Fabricius 1781) (Coleoptera Scarabaeidae), a South African dung beetle of conservation concern

Tropical Zoology 19: 185-207, 2006

Abstract:

The dung beetle Circellium bacchus (Fabricius 1781) was once widespread in southern Africa but is now restricted to a few isolated fragments in the south of the Western and Eastern Cape Provinces of South Africa, with the largest population present in the Addo Elephant National Park (AENP). The beetles’ activity is governed by precipitation and temperature; 18-26 ºC and high relative humidity favour activity. The beetles are generalist dung feeders and breeders but have clear preferences for elephant dung for feeding, and buffalo dung for breeding.

Fecundity is the lowest recorded for a dung beetle, with a maximum of two but on average only one progeny produced per year. The species is unique amongst ball-rolling (telecoprid) dung beetles in that females initiate, form and roll brood balls, something carried out exclusively by males in other species. The beetles are habitat specialists preferring dense undisturbed vegetation to more open, disturbed vegetation. The species should be considered rare because of its narrow geographical range, restricted biotope specificity and biological attributes. Furthermore, it complies with most of the characteristics that increase its likelihood of endangerment or extinction and qualifies as “vulnerable” according to IUCN criteria of threatened species.