Donnerstag, 20 Dezember 2018 11:36

DE BOER, L.E.M. & DE BRUIJN, M. (1990)

Chromosomal distinction between the red‐faced and black‐faced black spider monkeys (Ateles paniscus paniscus and A. p. chamek).

Zoo Biology 9 (4): 307-316. https://doi.org/10.1002/zoo.1430090406


Abstract:

The two subspecies of the black spider monkey, Ateles paniscus paniscus and A. p. chamek, can be distinguished by their chromosome number, 2n = 32 in the former and 2n = 34 in the latter. This difference most probably is the result of a tandem fusion between chromosomes 4 and 13 of the original Ateles karyotype (2n = 34) to form a unique metacentric chromosome in A. p. paniscus. Further differences between the subspecies concern the presence of additional interstial or terminal C‐bands in chromosomes 3, 5, and 12 of A. p. paniscus. A third difference is that chromosome 12 is metacentric in A. p. paniscus but is submetacentric in A. p. chamek. A. p. chamek shows dimorphisms caused by pericentric inversions in pairs 1, 5, 6, and 7 as well as in the Y chromosome. Since the dimorphisms in pairs 5 and 7 are only found in homozygous condition, they may indicate the existence of geographic variation within this subspecies. Differences in external characteristics possibly reflect these chromosomal difference. The necessity to lend A. p. paniscus full specific status should be considered, since karyologically this is the most distinct one of all forms of Ateles. In captive breeding A. p. paniscus should evidently be treated as a separate population, as hybridization with A. p. chamek may result in offspring with reduced fertility. The intra‐subspecific karyological variation in A. p. chamek and its possible consequences for taxonomy and captive breeding require further investigation.

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Montag, 17 Dezember 2018 14:54

MARSH, L. K. (2014)

A Taxonomic Revision of the Saki Monkeys, Pithecia Desmarest, 1804

Neotropical Primates 21(1):1-165. https://doi.org/10.1896/044.021.0101

Abstract:

For more than 200 years, the taxonomy of Pithecia has been floating on the misunderstanding of a few species, in particular P. pithecia and P. monachus. In this revision, historical names and descriptions are addressed and original type material is examined. For every museum specimen, all location, collection, and museum data were recorded, and photographs and measurements of each skin, skull, mount, or fluid specimen were taken. The revision is based on work conducted in 36 museums in 28 cities from 17 countries in North America, South America, Europe, and Japan, resulting in the examination of 876 skins (including mounts and fluids), 690 skulls, and hundreds of photographs taken by the author and by colleagues in the field of living captive and wild sakis of all species, and through internet searches. Per this revision, there are 16 species of Pithecia: five currently recognized, three reinstated, three elevated from subspecies level, and five newly described.

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Montag, 30 Juli 2018 16:34

ROOKMAAKER, L.C. (1984).

The taxonomic history of the recent forms of Sumatran Rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis).

Journal of the Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 57 (1): 12-25, figs. 1-6.

Abstract:

William Bell gave the first description of a double-horned rhinoceros shot in Sumatra. Based on this report, the animal was named by G. Fischer in 1814. The arrival in the  London Zoo of a specimen from Chittagong and another from Malaya in 1872 caused the first interest in the taxonomy of this group resulting in the description of three new species. At present, one species with three  recent subspecies is recognised.

Volltext:

http://www.rhinoresourcecenter.com/index.php?s=1&act=pdfviewer&id=1175857322&folder=117

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Freitag, 18 Mai 2018 15:02

BYRNE, H. et al. (2016)

BYRNE, H., RYLANDS, A.B., CARNEIRO, J.C., LYNCH ALFARO, J.W., BERTUOL, F., DA SILVA, M.N.F., MESSIAS, M., GROVES, C.P., MITTERMEIER, R.A., FARIAS, T., HRBECK, T., SCHNEIDER, H., SAMPAIO, T. & BOUBLI, J. P. (2016)

Phylogenetic relationships of the New World titi monkeys (Callicebus): first appraisal of taxonomy based on molecular evidence.

Frontiers in Zoology201613:10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-016-0142-4

Abstract:

Background

Titi monkeys, Callicebus, comprise the most species-rich primate genus—34 species are currently recognised, five of them described since 2005. The lack of molecular data for titi monkeys has meant that little is known of their phylogenetic relationships and divergence times. To clarify their evolutionary history, we assembled a large molecular dataset by sequencing 20 nuclear and two mitochondrial loci for 15 species, including representatives from all recognised species groups. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred using concatenated maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses, allowing us to evaluate the current taxonomic hypothesis for the genus.
Results

Our results show four distinct Callicebus clades, for the most part concordant with the currently recognised morphological species-groups—the torquatus group, the personatus group, the donacophilus group, and the moloch group. The cupreus and moloch groups are not monophyletic, and all species of the formerly recognized cupreus group are reassigned to the moloch group. Two of the major divergence events are dated to the Miocene. The torquatus group, the oldest radiation, diverged c. 11 Ma; and the Atlantic forest personatus group split from the ancestor of all donacophilus and moloch species at 9–8 Ma. There is little molecular evidence for the separation of Callicebus caligatus and C. dubius, and we suggest that C. dubius should be considered a junior synonym of a polymorphic C. caligatus.

Conclusions

Considering molecular, morphological and biogeographic evidence, we propose a new genus level taxonomy for titi monkeys: Cheracebus n. gen. in the Orinoco, Negro and upper Amazon basins (torquatus group), Callicebus Thomas, 1903, in the Atlantic Forest (personatus group), and Plecturocebus n. gen. in the Amazon basin and Chaco region (donacophilus and moloch groups).

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Montag, 16 April 2018 05:30

DAWSON, L. & FLANNERY, T. (1985)

Taxonomic and phylogenetic status of living and fossil kangaroos and wallabies of the genus Macropus Shaw (Macropodidae: Marsupialia), with a new subgeneric name for the larger wallabies.

Australian Journal of Zoology 33(4): 413-423

Abstract:

Historical concepts of the generic status of the macropodines commonly known as kangaroos and wallabies are reviewed in this paper. A new diagnosis is provided for the genus Macropus, encompassing both living and fossil forms, and using cladistic principles to assess the phylogenetic value of diagnostic characters where possible. Cytological, biochemical and anatomical characters are used. Fourteen living and 11 extinct species of Macropus are recognized. Of these, 20 species have been classified into three subgenera, M. (Macropusj, M. (Osphranter) and a new subgenus, M. (Notamacro-pusj, as follows: M. (M.) giganteus, M. (M.) fuliginosus, M. (M.) mundjabus, M. (M.) pan, M. (M.) pear-soni and M. (M.) ferragus\ M. (O.) antilopinus, M. (O.) bernardus, M. (O.) robustus, M. (O.) rufus and M. (O.) pavana\ M. (N.) rufogriseus, M. (N.) eugenii, M. (N.) parryi, M. (N.) dorsalis, M. (N.) irma, M. (N.j agilis, M. (N.) greyi, M. (N.) parma, M. (N.j wombeyensis and M. (N.) thor. Four poorly known extinct species, M. dryas, M. rama, M. woodsi and M. narada, have not yet been allocated to a subgenus. Prionotemnus palankarinnicus Stirton, 1957 is shown to belong outside Macropus. Because it is the type-species of Prionotemnus, that name is not available for a subgenus of Macropus. A current synonymy is presented for fossil species and the known stratigraphic range is given for each species. A phylogeny is presented expressing our view that M. (Notamacropus) is the most plesiomorphic subgenus and M. (Macropus) is the most derived.

 

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Donnerstag, 05 April 2018 14:55

YOSHINO, T. & SHIMADA, K. (2001)

Stonogobiops yasha, a new shrimp-associated goby from Japan.

Ichthyol. Res. (2001) 48: 405–408.

Abstract:

A new shrimp-associated goby, Stonogobiops yasha sp. nov., is described on the basis  of  nine  specimens  collected  from  the  Ryukyu  Islands,  Japan.  This  species  is  easily distinguished  from  other  congeneric  species  in  having  reddish-orange  stripes  on  a  white body and only two median cephalic sensory pores on the head.

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Mittwoch, 04 April 2018 10:00

HOESE, D. F. & LARSON, H. K. (1994)

Revision of the Indo-Pacific Gobiid Fish Genus Valenciennea, with Descriptions of Seven New Species.

71 Seiten, 6 Bildtafeln mit 35 Farbfotos, 11 Strichzeichnungen und Verbreitungskarten, 26 Tabellen.
Bishop Museum, Hawaii.

Inhalt:

The Indo-Pacific gobiid genus Valenciennea is distinctive from other gobiids in having completely separate pelvic fins, reduced gill rakers on the first arch, large fleshy flaps dorsally on the gill arch, single row of teeth in the upperjaw, small scales in 62-142 rows, second dorsal and anal rays I,11-19, relatively large adult body size of 30 to about 160 mm SL, and usually with one or more longitudinal stripes on the head and often the body.

Fifteen species are recognized, separable on the basis of scale and fin-ray counts, first dorsal fin shape, and color pattern: V. alleni, n. sp., described from Australia, has 2 stripes on the body, a black spot at the tip of the first dorsal fin, and second dorsal rays usually I,15; V. bella, n. sp. from Japan and the Philippines, has a single head stripe, no body stripes, second dorsal usually I,15, and a high first dorsal fin; V. decora, n. sp. from Australia and New Caledonia, has one or more vertical bars connected to a single ventral stripe, an elongate black bar on the first dorsal fin, and second dorsal I,11; V. helsdingenii, widespread in the Indo-west Pacific, has an elongate black spot on the first dorsal fin, 2 dark stripes on the body, and 2 elongate filaments on the caudal fin; V. immaculata, with a disjunct distribution (China, Western Australia, and southeastern Australia), has 2 stripes on the body, a low rounded first dorsal fin without black spots, and second dorsal usually I,14-17 (it is most similar to V. alleni); V. limicola, n. sp. described from Thailand and Fiji, has 2 stripes on the body, a low rounded first dorsal fin without black spots, and second dorsal usually I,17; V. longipinnis, a widespread species from the eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific, has a low rounded first dorsal fin, horseshoe-shaped marks on the midside, and second dorsal I,12; V. muralis, similar to and having the same distribution as V. longipinnis, has 3 stripes on the body, a pointed first dorsal fin. with a small black spot at the tip, and second dorsal I,12; V. parva, n. sp., a widespread Indo-west Pacific dwarf species, has longitudinal stripes, a low rounded first dorsal fin, and second dorsal I,12 (juveniles are easily mistaken for V. longipinnis, which has higher scale counts); V. persica, n. sp., endemic to the Persian Gulf, has a single stripe posteriorly on the body, a longitudinal series of spots above the midside, and second dorsal ray counts of I,13-14 (it is most similar to V. puellaris); V. puellaris, a widespread Indo-west Pacific species which varies considerably geographically is distinctive in having a moderately high first dorsal fin without black spots, body with a single stripe and spots or oblique or vertical bars on body, and second dorsal I,12; V. randalli, n. sp. from the western Pacific, has a high first dorsal fin, a single stripe on the body, and second dorsal usually I,l7 (it is similar to V. bella and V. strigata); V. sexguttata, a widespread Indo-west Pacific species, has a pointed first dorsal fin with a black spot at the tip, round spots on the head, a single stripe on the body, and second dorsal I,l2; V. strigata, a widespread Indo-west Pacific species, has a high first dorsal fin without black spots, no stripe on the body, and second dorsal usually I,17-18; V. wardii, a rare, but widespread Indian Ocean and western Pacific species, has a large black spot posteriorly on the first dorsal. a series of vertical bars, no stripe on body, and second dorsal I,12.

Fishes of the genus dig their own burrows and most species occur in male-female pairs. These fishes feed on small invertebrates, particularly copepods, by sifting sand. The species are typically associated with specific types of sediment, and only rarely does more than one species occur in the same habitat.

Considerable geographical variation was found in fin-ray and scale counts in several species, but only V. puellaris, V. sexguttata, and V. wardii showed much variation in coloration.

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Dienstag, 20 März 2018 11:27

PAEPKE, H.-J. & SCHINDLER, I. (2002)

Zur Erstbeschreibung von Pterophyllum scalare (Schultze in Lichtenstein, 1823) (Pisces, Cichlidae).

Mitt. Mus. Natkd. Berl., Zool. Reihe 78 (2002) 1: 177-182.

Abstract:

The present study reports new data concerning the terra typica (lower amazon river eastward of Óbidos including the lower part of Rio Tocantins near Cametá), the collector (Friedrich Wilhelm Sieber), and the authorship of the cichlid species Pterophyllum scalare first described as Zeus scalaris (Schultze in Lichtenstein, 1823). The only type specimen still in existence (ZMB 2833) is described and designated as lectotype.

Volltext (deutsch)

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Dienstag, 13 März 2018 10:48

SCHLIEWEN, U. (2009)

Italienische Süßwassergrundeln der Gattung Padogobius

AKFS-aktuell 24/2009: 1-5.

Artikelanfang:

Eigentlich ist die Sache der aktuellen Literatur nach  klar:  In  Italien  gibt  es  genau  zwei Süßwassergrundeln aus der Gattung Padogobius, P. bonelli (Bonaparte, 1846) und  P. nigricans (Canestrini, 1867) (Miller 2004a). Die meisten irgendwie  an Grundeln interessierten Aquarianer kennen die Art, die im norditalienischen Gardasee vorkommt („Gardasee-Grundel“), wo sie sich ihren Lebensraum unter anderem mit dem Süßwasserschleimfisch Salaria fluviatilis teilt. Diese Art ist P. bonelli, wurde früher aber auch als Gobius  fluviatilis Nardo, 1824, Gobius martensii Günther, 1861 oder ganz falsch als Padogobius panizzai (nicht zu verwechseln mit Knipowitschia panizzae) angesprochen. Gobius martensii ist nach derzeitigem Kenntnisstand aber ein Synonym zu P. bonelli (Kottelat 1997). Die Lagunengrundel Knipowitschia panizzae dagegen ist eine ganz andere Art aus einer völlig anderen  Verwandtschaftsgruppe  und hat mit der „Gardaseegrundel“ gar  nichts zu tun. Padogobius bonelli kommt in der Schweiz und in Italien im Einzug des Po (inklusive Lago di Garda und Lago Maggiore) vor, sowie in vielen  nordadriatischen  kleineren  Flusssystemen von Italien über Slowenien bis nach Kroatien (südlichste  kroatische Population in den Flüssen Zrmanje und  Krka) (Elmiger 2002, Miller 2004b). Die zweite Padogobius-Art, P. nigricans ist ein Endemit Italiens und besiedelt Zuflüsse des Thyrrenischen Meeres (Arno, Ombrone, Tiber und Amaseno-Einzug) (Miller 2004c). Allerdings wurde und wird P. bonelli wohl immer noch mehr oder weniger in ganz Italien durch Besatzmaßnahmen transplantiert und hat sich im Laufe der Zeit zu einer Bedrohung für P. nigricans entwickelt. Zumindest in einigen Flussystemen scheint P. bonelli wesentlich konkurrenzstärker als P. nigricans zu sein, so dass letztere Art oft nur noch in den Oberläufen der besetzten Flusssysteme unbeeinflusst zu finden ist (Miller 2004c). 

Volltext:

http://docplayer.org/71372719-Italienische-suesswassergrundeln-der-gattung-padogobius.html

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Freitag, 02 März 2018 11:43

LOISELLE, P. V. & RODRIGUEZ, D. (2007).

A new species of Bedotia (Teleostei: Atherinomorpha: Bedotiidae) from the Rianila drainage of eastern Madagascar, with redescriptions of Bedotia madagascariensis and Bedotia geayi.

Zootaxa 1520: 1–18. ISSN 1175-5334.

Abstract:

Bedotia  madagascariensis Regan 1903, type species of the genus and B. geayi Pellegrin 1907 are  redescribed from recently collected topotypical material. The two species differ significantly with respect to their life colors, the lengths ofthe head, snout, caudal peduncle and bases of the second dorsal and anal fins as well as their second dorsal and anal finray counts.

The aboriginal range of B. madagascariensis comprises eastward flowing streams from the Ivoloina River southward to Manambolo Creek inclusive of small streams flowing into the coastal lakes of the Pangalanes system situated between them, where it occurs up to an altitude of 30 m above sea level. A naturalized population is present in the westward-flowing Betsiboka drainage. Bedotia geayi is only known from the eastward-flowing Mananjary River, where it can be found in small streams between 300 m and 600 m above sea level. A second species of Bedotia from the Rianilabasin is described.

Bedotia leucopteron sp. nov. is found in shaded streams between 100 m and 850 m above sea level.The wide, iridescent white margins of the unpaired fins taken in combination with a melanophore pattern consisting ofsmall, irregular black spots stochastically distributed over the flanks rather than a distinct midlateral band differentiateliving individuals from all known congeners. Data on the natural history and conservation status of all three species are presented.

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