Dienstag, 18 April 2023 09:24

ROWE-ROWE, D. T. (1991)

The Ungulates of Natal.

Broschüre, 36 Seiten. Natal Parks Board, Pietermaritzburg.

Inhalt:

Für 33 Huftierarten (einschließlich Elefant) werden Angaben zu rechtlichem Status, Verbreitung und Bestand, Ansprüche an den Lebensraum, Soziale Organisation, Populationsdynamik Gefährdungen sowie Bedeutung für den Menschen gemacht. Zu jeder Art hat es eine Verbreitungskarte.

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Reproduction in the round-eared elephant shrew (Macroscelides proboscideus) in the southern Karoo, South Africa.

Journal of Zology 240(2): 233-243. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1996.tb05282.x

Abstract:

Reproduction in round-eared elephant shrews occurred throughout the year. Male round-eared elephant shrews were spermatogenically active, with spermatozoa stored in the cauda epididymes, throughout the year. Pregnant females occurred in all months except March and May and there was a decline in the occurrence of pregnancies during early winter (March-July). This tendency towards seasonality of pregnancies was mirrored by the appearance of juveniles, with 77% of all young animals caught between September and February. Bone calcium concentrations were significantly lower during the dry winter than during summer. From October onwards (the beginning of the wet season), bone calcium concentrations increased, reaching high levels in December which were maintained until April. This increase in bone calcium concentrations coincided with the rainy season and with an increase in the intake of herbage, and during this period 60% of all pregnancies occurred. We conclude that the ability of the round-eared elephant shrew to vary its diet may allow some individuals to breed throughout the year. The reduction in the occurrence of pregnancies in early winter probably ensures that few births occur when bone calcium concentrations are low.

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The reptile species assemblage of the Soutpansberg (Limpopo Province, South Africa) and its characteristics.

Salamandra 46(3): 147-166.

Abstract:

The Soutpansberg situated in  north-eastern South Africa was investigated with respect to its reptile species diversity, geographic range of the species and habitat utilisation. Typical inselberg characteristics are discussed in the context of the herpetofauna and compared with the Blouberg, an isolated mountain range to the west of the Soutpansberg. Possible biogeographic links between the species assemblage of the Soutpansberg and adjacent areas are discussed in  the context of present geological and climatic conditions within the area. The Soutpansberg reptile community clearly shows effects of isolation. the mistbelt and the grassland on the summits, which both withstood climatic oscillations in the past, harbour the majority of species and most of the endemic taxa in particular. Hence, these areas are of significant ecological value for the reptile community. Rocky habitats and the cooler and moister climate on the mountain provide exceptional conditions within this area. Most of the Soutpansberg endemics exhibit a rupicolous lifestyle and a large number of species are adapted to mesic conditions. A high proportion of Afromontane species was detected. Furthermore, eastern coastal and Lowveld elements exert an inuence on the species composition whereas the Kalahari elements are of lesser importance. Tropical forest species are completely absent. the Soutpansberg harbours more endemics (nine taxa) compared to the Blouberg (three taxa) due to its larger size and the resultant decreased risk of extinction.

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The reproductive behaviour of the suni Neotragus moschatus zuluensis in captivity.

Koedoe 39 (1) 123-126.

Volltext (PDF)

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A review of  the systematics of the genus Bradypodion (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae), with the description of two new genera.

Zootaxa 1363: 23–38. ISSN1175-5334 (online edition) 

Abstract:

The taxonomic history and composition of the genus Bradypodion as construed by Klaver & Böhme (1986) and new morphological and molecular data relevant to the taxonomy of the group is reviewed. The combined evidence strongly supports a formal rearrangement of the group into three distinct genera. Bradypodion, type species Chamaeleo pumilus Daudin 1802, is retained for the southern African species. Two new genera are erected to accommodate additional well-diagnosed clades within central and east African species previously referred to Bradypodion. Species of the “fischeri complex” are assigned to Kinyongia gen. nova, whilst the endemic Mulanje chameleon is placed in the monotypic genus Nadzikambia gen. nova.

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Samstag, 30 Januar 2021 10:35

SCOTT, A. (1995)

The Overberg Explorer.

177 Seiten, mit zahlreichen Farbfotos, Strichzeichnungen und Karten.
Overberg Conservation Services cc, Gansbaai. ISBN-13: 978-0620283212.

Inhalt:

The Overberg Explorer is a guide for environment-oriented travel in the Cape Overberg. It contains information on everything from geology to history, exploring the areas of Caledon, Hermanus, Bredasdorp and Sellendam, and various organisations who can help the traveller.

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Life on high: The diversity of small mammals at high altitude in South Africa.

Biodiversity and Conservation 21 (21): 960-31152823. DOI: 10.1007/s10531-012-0340-0.

Kurzfassung:

The Great Escarpment is the major mountain system in South Africa, yet very few biological surveys have been conducted outside of the well-known Drakensberg section. This is surprising given the important role that mountains play in local and global biodiversity patterns. In this study, small mammal diversity and community composition were estimated at three high altitude (>1,700 m) sites within the Sneeuberg Mountain Complex (SMC) of the Great Escarpment, South Africa from June 2009 to May 2010. The influences of selected environmental variables on diversity were also tested. Of 423 live-captures, a total of 292 unique individuals of 12 small mammal species (one shrew, one elephant shrew and 10 rodents) were identified during 5,280 trap nights. No single environmental variable could account for the variation observed in diversity measurements but vegetation height appeared to be the most important factor to influence the number of individuals captured. It is hypothesised that the high species richness and diversity of small mammals observed in the SMC compared to other parts of the Great Escarpment is due to the SMC being located in a transition zone of the Grassland and Nama-Karoo biomes. Our results suggest that the SMC could be important in conserving small mammal species from western and eastern assemblages across South Africa.

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Mittwoch, 27 Januar 2021 11:10

SCHMIDT, A. D. (2002)

The herpetofauna  of the Langjan Nature Reserve (Limpopo Province, Republic of South Africa) (Amphibia, Reptilia).
Die  Herpetofauna  des Langjan-Naturreservates (Provinz Limpopo, Republik Südafrika) (Amphibia,  Reptilia).  

HERPETOZOA  15 (3/4): 121-135.

Kurzfassung:

Das Langjan-Naturreservat ist ein 4774 ha großes Schutzgebiet in der Limpopo Provinz Südafrikas, 130 km nördlich der Provinzhauptstadt Pietersburg gelegen. Während einer Feldstudie von Januar bis April 1998 und drei kürzeren Aufenthalten zwischen 1999 und 2001 konnten innerhalb des Schutzgebietes insgesamt 43 Reptilien- (3 Schildkröten, 23 Eidechsen, 17 Schlangen) und 7 Amphibienarten nachgewiesen werden. Die Anzahl der aus dem Gebiet bekannten Formen erhöht sich damit auf 47 bei den Reptilien und 10 bei den Amphibien. Die von der Autorin im Untersuchungsgebiet nachgewiesenen Arten werden hinsichtlich ihrer relativen Häufigkeit, ihrer allgemeinen Lebensraumansprüche und Verbreitung im Reservat charakterisiert. Neun weitere, bisher nur außerhalb der Reservatsgrenzen nachgewiesene Reptilienarten kommen wahrscheinlich auch im Reservat selbst vor. Die Fundortbeschreibungen ausgewählter Formen werden durch ökologische, zoogeographische oder taxonomische Hin-weise ergänzt. Vier Arten {Psammobates oculiferus, Typhlosaurus lineatus subtaeniatus, Scelotes limpopoensis albiventris, Colopus wahlbergii wahlbergii) verdienen aufgrund ihrer eingeschränkten Gesamtverbreitungsgebiete bzw. Seltenheit besondere faunistische Beachtung.

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The vegetation and identification of management units of the Honnet Nature Reserve, Northern Province, South Africa.

Koedoe - African Protected Area Conservation and Science 39(1): 25-42. ISSN 0075-6458. DOI: 10.4102/koedoe.v39i1.280

Zusammenfassung:

An analysis of the vegetation of the Honnet Nature Reserve, Northern Province is presented. Releves were compiled in 56 stratified random sample plots. The Braun- Blanquet procedure revealed 12 distinct plant communities and four sub-communities. The Variable Quadrant Plot Method was used in the structural analysis of the communities and management units. The data were ordinated using Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DECORANA) to determine possible relations and gradients between and in the plant communities. Six management units were identified by means of the vegetation ordination, plant communities and the physical environment. A hierarchical classification, description and ecological interpretation of the vegetation units and a descrip- tion of the management units are presented.

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Management of reintroduced lions in small, fenced reserves in South Africa:an assessment and guidelines.

South African Journal of Wildlife Research 43(2): 138–154.

Volltext (PDF)

Zusammenfassung:

Managers of African lions (Panthera leo) on reserves where they have been reintroduced increasingly face challenges associated with ecological regulation, genetic degradation and increased susceptibility to catastrophic events. The Lion Management Forum (LiMF) was formed in 2010 to define these challenges and explore possible solutions with the view to developing appropriate management guidelines. LiMF bases its recommendations on the ecologically sound premise that managers should, as far as possible, mimic natural processes that have broken down in reserves, using proactive rather than reactive methods, i.e. management should focus on causal mechanisms as opposed to reacting to symptoms. Specifically, efforts should be made to reduce population growth and thus reduce the number of excess lions in the system; disease threats should be reduced through testing and vaccination whenever animals are translocated; and genetic integrity should be monitored. The latter is particularly important, as most of these reserves are relatively small (typically<1000 km2). An adaptive management framework is needed to implement the guidelines developed here on reserves across the country, with regional nodes addressing more local genetic issues, within an overall national plan. Ongoing monitoring and scientific assessment of behavioural, population and systemic responses of lion populations and responsive modification of the guidelines, should improve management of lions on small reserves in South Africa. This approach will provide a template for evidence-based conservation management of other threatened species. Ultimately ‘National Norms and Standards’ must be established and a ‘National Action Plan’ for lions in South Africa developed.

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