Species-level differentiation of two cryptic species pairs of wild cavies, genera Cavia and Galea, with a discussion of the relationship between social systems and phylogeny in the Caviinae.

Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2004, 82 (3): 516-524, 10.1139/z04-010.

Abstract:

Two little-known species of guinea-pig from the genera Cavia and Galea (Cavia magna Ximenez, 1980 and Galea sp. nov.) have recently been studied in more detail with respect to their behavior, social structure, and mating system. To determine the specific distinctness of these little-known species from Cavia aperea Erxleben, 1777 and Galea musteloides Meyen, 1832, crossbreeding between species was tried and it demonstrated that the two Cavia species will rarely cross in captivity to produce hybrids of much reduced fertility, whereas the Galea species could not be crossed. To analyze the phylogenetic position of C. magna and Galea sp. nov., we present an analysis based on major parts of the 12S (778 base pair) and 16S genes of mitochondrial RNA (1435 base pair) in conjunction with corresponding data on all other genera of the Caviinae. We also determined the relationship between C. magna and the sympatric wild guinea-pig (C. aperea) and its domestic form (Cavia aperea f. porcellus (Linnaeus, 1758)). Phylogenetic and distance analysis of all genera of cavies (Cavia (two species), Galea (two species), Kerodon, Microcavia) showed the close relationship of C. magna with C. aperea and the latter's particularly low genetic distance to C. aperea f. porcellus. Galea sp. nov. differed markedly from G. musteloides. Of the three genera, Galea appears most distinct. The genus Kerodon clustered with the genus Hydrochaeris, supporting the previous conclusion by Rowe and Honeycutt (2002. Mol. Biol. Evol. 19: 263-277) regarding the placement of the genus Hydrochaeris within the Caviidae. Recently published data on the social systems of the above-mentioned cavy species, however, show their great inter- and intraspecific social flexibility and contradict the interpretation of the same authors about a simple relationship between phylogeny and social systems in the Caviidae.

trillmich-biblio

On the type species of Trichopodus (Teleostei: Perciformes: Osphronemidae).

Vertebrate Zoology 59 (1): 49-51. Museum für Tierkunde Dresden, ISSN 1864-5755, 29.05.2009

Kurzfassung:

Die Literatur zur Typusart der Gattung Trichopodus LACEPÈDE, 1801 wurde überprüft. Unter Berücksichtigung der aktuellen Ausgabe der Internationalen Regeln für die zoologische Nomenklatur (ICZN) kommen wir zum Ergebnis, dass die erste und damit valide Festlegung der Typusart durch BLEEKER (1879) erfolgte. Als gültige Typusart der Gattung Trichopodus hat somit Labrus trichopterus PALLAS, 1770, zu gelten. Die taxonomisch valide Gattung Trichopodus enthält die folgenden Arten: T. trichopterus, T. leerii, T. microlepis und T. cantoris.

Abstract:

We examined the taxonomic papers about the type species fi xation of the genus Trichopodus LACEPÈDE, 1801. As the result we found that under the current version of the ICZN the designation of the type species by BLEEKER (1879) is the valid one. Therefore, the type species of Trichopodus is Labrus trichopterus PALLAS, 1770. The genus Trichopodus is a currently valid genus of Osphronemidae, which includes the following species: T. trichopterus, T. leerii, T. microlepis and T. cantoris.

töpfer-biblio

Distribution and Taxonomy of Birds of the World.

11'360 Seiten. Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1990. ISBN-0-300-04969-2

Verlagstext:

In this book two eminent ornithologists, Charles G. Sibley and Burt L. Monroe, Jr., present authoritative and comprehensive descriptions of the geographic distributions, and comments about the species-level taxonomy, of the living birds of the world. The accounts of the 9672 species are arranged according to the classification developed by Sibley, Monroe, and Jon Ahlquist. Sibley and Monroe provide new and detailed information on the distribution of each species and an appendix includes twenty-four maps and a gazetteer giving the positions of the localities mentioned in the text.

Each species account begins with the specific name of the bird, the author of the name, and the year of the original description. Superspecies groups are indicated where relevant. At least one English name and a system of numbers for computer storage and retrieval are given. The habitat of each species is briefly described and geographic distributions are given in sufficient detail to make it possible to outline the area on a large-scale map. Taxonomic comments include notes about the status of many species and subspecies, occurrence of hybrids and references to the literature. Complete references are given in a bibliography, and an index provides cross-references to the scientific and English name of species. These attributes make the book an essential source of information for anyone interested in birds.

Neues aus den Tiefen des Stechlin.

Naturmagazin 1/2004: 44-45.
Verlag Natur & Text in Brandenburg GmbH, D-15834 Rangsdorf. ISSN: 0935-7602.

Zusammenfassung:

Wenn  nach  wie  vor  im  dicht  besiedelten  und  von  ganzen  Naturforschergenerationen  untersuchten  Mitteleuropa  Wirbeltierarten  neu  entdeckt werden, ist das an sich schon eine kleine Sensation. Eine große ist es hingegen,  dass  diese  Art – der wahrscheinlich einzige echte Endemit Brandenburgs – offenbar in nur etwa zwölftausend Jahren entstanden ist:die Fontane-Maräne.

Volltext (PDF

schulz-biblio

The Cross River Gorillas: A Distinct Subspecies, Gorilla gorilla diehli Matschie 1904.

American Museum Novitates 3304: 1-55. 2000. doi: 10.1206/0003-0082(2000)3304<0001:TCRGAD>2.0.CO;2

This study presents the results of a new set of measurements made on museum specimens of gorilla skeletons from the Cross River headwaters. ... Considering their distinctiveness and geographic isolation, Cross River gorillas are best regarded as a distinct subspecies, G. g. diehli. Compared to other western gorilla populations, Cross River gorillas have smaller dentitions, smaller palates, smaller cranial vaults, and shorter skulls. Although Cross River gorillas do not seem to differ from other western gorillas in either body size or limb long bone lengths, measurements from a single male suggest that they may have shorter hands and feet and a larger opposability index than other western gorillas. Marked variation in the habitats of Cross River gorillas and insufficient data on behavior frustrate attempts to directly associate morphology with ecology. ....

sarmiento-biblio

Bemerkungen zu den Merkmalen der Altweltlichen Stachelschweine und deren Haltung in den Berliner Tiergärten.

MILU, Berlin 13, Heft 2: 187-204

rudloff-biblio

Genetic Analysis of Sable (Martes zibellina) and Pine Marten (M. martes) Populations in Sympatric Part of Distribution Area in the Northern Urals.

Russian Journal of Genetics, 2010, Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 488–492. © Pleiades Publishing, Inc., ISSN 1022-7954.

Abstract:

European pine martens (Martes martes) were once distributed across much of western Europe. A combination of factors, such as persecution, trapping, and habitat loss have led to sharp declines in the species’ numbers and range and, as such, local populations have become more vulnerable to extinction. To evaluate the influence of these factors on both the level of genetic variation and population structure, we genotyped pine martens from across much of their current distribution. Continental M. martes populations were found to have a higher level of genetic structure and lower genetic variation than their North American sibling species, M. americana, sampled throughout Canada.

The differences among mainland populations of these species may lie in greater levels of habitat fragmentation and persecution experienced by European martens, though it is difficult to exclude more ancient processes such as the influence of glaciations. Among island populations of the two species, the Scottish population revealed a similar level of structure and variation to the M. a. atrata population of Newfoundland, however Ireland was more differentiated with less genetic variation. Our work using microsatellites also extends previous mtDNA evidence for the presence of M. americana haplotypes in England, raising the possibility of hybridization with M. martes. These  findings may  influence current discussions  on  the  status  of English  martens and the  appropriateness of proposed re-introductions by revealing that some indigenous martens persist in England, despite the presence of some potential hybrids in the region

rozhnova-biblio

Rösler, H.; Ziegler, T., Vu, N.T.; Herrmann, H.-W. & Böhme, W. (2004).

A new lizard of the genus Gekko Laurenti, 1768 (Squamata: Sauria: Gekkonidae) from the Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh Province, Vietnam.

Bonner Zool. Beiträge  53 (1/2): 135-148.

Betrifft Gekko scientiadventura, so benannt nach dem von Wolf von Lojewski moderierten ZDF-Magazin "Abenteuer Wissen", in dem die Art der Öffentlichkeit vorgestellt wurde.

Abstract:

PDF Download available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261134013_A_new_lizard_of_the_genus_Gekko_Laurenti_1768_Squamata_Sauria_Gekkonidae_from_the_Phong_Nha-Ke_Bang_National_Park_Quang_Binh_Province_Vietnam [accessed Aug 2, 2017].

A review of black rhino systematics proposed in Ungulate Taxonomy by Groves and Grubb (2011) and its implication for rhino conservation.

Pachyderm 50: 72-76.

Auszug:

A new and comprehensive taxonomy of all groups of ungulates was recently published by Colin Groves and Peter Grubb (1935-2006). After an insightful introduction covering methods and species concepts, an arrangement is presented of all recent (and a few extinct) ungulate groups. In the Rhinocerotidae, the list includes six species: Rhinoceros unicornis (no subspecies), R. sondaicus (3 subspecies), Dicerorhinus sumatrensis (3 subspecies), Diceros bicornis (8 subspecies), Ceratotherium simum (no subspecies) and C. cottoni (no subspecies). This treatment is very similar to that in previous work by Groves, except for the recognition of the Nile rhinoceros (C. cottoni) as a separate species (Groves et al., 2010) and for the addition of an eighth subspecies of D. bicornis (D.b.occidentalis, separated from D.b.minor).
...
It is certainly understandable that to most field workers the conclusions proposed by Groves (1967) resembled a bombshell. Where there were to all intents and purposes no subspecies before, now suddenly there were seven. Not only that, but a cursory look at his paper reveals a rather intricate discussion of clines in Kenya and Tanzania, illustrated by a bewildering array of dots and lines on a map of the region. The budding conservation society in East Africa all at once had to come to grips with the possibility that they would have to cope with a set of at least three subspecies with all kinds of intergrades. And of course, even the best observers of rhinos in the field would have felt unable to differentiate the various subspecies when observing the animals in the field. Rhinos differ in size of skulls and skeletons, but there was little to distinguish one from another in the bush.
....
It is high time that the discrepancy in the understanding of subspecific differentiation in the black rhino is resolved (Rookmaaker, 1995, 2005). It should not be allowed to continue any longer. Groves and Grubb (2011) have presented a classification of the recent rhinos, which is certainly the best achievable reflection of their diversity. It is based on sound theoretical premises, correct application of modern methodologies, accurate adherence to the rules of nomenclature, a wealth of morphometric data from the majority of available specimens, a wide-ranging knowledge of the literature and life-long interests in the biology of the rhinoceros. We must now deal with their results and cherish the great biodiversity in nature...

rookmaker-biblio

Reference List of the Birds of the World.

209 Seiten

Department of Ornithology, American Museum of Natural History, New York.

PDF kann heruntergeladen werden von http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/handle/2246/6700.