Gharial - Gavialis gangeticus.

In: Crocodiles.Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan: 139-143.
Third Edition, ed. by S.C. Manolis and C. Stevenson. Crocodile Specialist Group: Darwin.

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Historically, G. gangeticus was found in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, in the Indus (Pakistan), Ganges (India and Nepal), Mahanadi (India) and Brahmaputra (Bangladesh, India and Bhutan) River systems. The presence of the species in the Irrawaddy River system in Myanmar has also been reported. The Gharial is typically a resident of fl owing rivers with deep pools that have high sand banks and good fi sh stocks. Exposed sand banks are used for nesting. Although the function of the ‘ghara’ is not well understood, it is apparently used as a visual sex indicator, as a sound resonator, or for bubbling or other associated sexual behaviours.

Slender-snouted Crocodile - Crocodylus cataphractus.

In: Crocodiles.Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan: 54-58.
Third Edition, ed. by S.C. Manolis and C. Stevenson. Crocodile Specialist Group: Darwin.

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Historically, C. cataphractus was widely distributed throughout West and Central Africa, but recent surveys suggest that its distribution has changed as a result of local extirpations. While relatively little is known about the ecology of the species, it appears to prefer forested rivers and other densely vegetated bodies of water (i.e. reservoirs and freshwater lagoons), but has also been found in sparsely vegetated, gallery habitats within savannah woodland.

Siamese Crocodile - Crocodylus siamensis.

In: Crocodiles.Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan: 120-126.
Third Edition, ed. by S.C. Manolis and C. Stevenson. Crocodile Specialist Group: Darwin.

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Crocodylus siamensis is one of the world’s most endangered crocodilians. In 1992 it was reported as virtually extinct in the wild and in 1996 it was accorded IUCN Red List status of ‘Critically Endangered’. Since 1996, new  status  assessments have resulted in the discovery of wild populations and information on its global distribution and ecology, although it remains one of the least known of crocodilians.The Siamese crocodile occurs in a wide range of freshwater habitats, including slow-moving rivers and streams, lakes, seasonal oxbow lakes, marshes and swamplands. During the wet season, individuals disperse across fl ooded landscapes. The use of burrows excavated into the banks of rivers or lakes has been reported, with up to fi ve individuals utilizing a single burrow at one time. Generally preferring lowland elevations, the species has been recorded up to 600 m.

Cuban Crocodile - Crocodylus rhombifer.

In: Crocodiles.Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan: 114-118.
Third Edition, ed. by S.C. Manolis and C. Stevenson. Crocodile Specialist Group: Darwin.

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The Cuban crocodile has the smallest known distribution of any extant crocodilian, and is currently restricted to Zapata Swamp  (mainland  Cuba) and Lanier Swamp (Isla de la Juventud). In the recent past the species was more widely distributed on the main island of Cuba. Skeletal material shows that this species was present on the Cayman Islands. The Cuban crocodile population of Zapata Swamp is restricted to a small area of approximately 300 km², on the southwestern portion of the peninsula, where the species is sympatric with the American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus). Lanier Swamp is a small wetland of approximately 100 km², situated on a west-east axis, across the central portion of Isla de la Juventud. Several hundred C. rhombifer have been released in Lanier Swamp since 1994, as part of an ongoing restocking program.

Zur Bedrohung, räumlichen Verteilung und Bedrohung von Crocodylus porosus im Bentota Ganga, Sri Lanka.

Elaphe 16 (3): 41-52

Erweiterte englische Fassung verfügbar als "The distribution, abundance and threat of the saltwater crocodile, Crocodylus porosus, in the Bentota Ganga, Sri Lanka"

Saltwater Crocodile - Crocodylus porosus

In: Crocodiles.Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan: 93-113.
Third Edition, ed. by S.C. Manolis and C. Stevenson. Crocodile Specialist Group: Darwin.

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Crocodylus  porosus is considered the largest of the living crocodilians, with reported lengths of up to 6-7 m. Although accounting for far less human fatalities than the Nile crocodile, C. porosus preys on people when given the opportunity. It is one of the most widely distributed of all crocodilians, ranging from southern India and Sri Lanka, throughout  southeast Asia,  east  through  the Philippines to Micronesia, and down through Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands to northern Australia.

Black Caiman - Melanosuchus niger.

In: Crocodiles.Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan: 29-39.
Third Edition, ed. by S.C. Manolis and C. Stevenson. Crocodile Specialist Group: Darwin

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The Black caiman is the largest member of the Alligatoridae, with adult males surpassing 4-5 m in length. The species is widely distributed throughout the Amazon River basin, but populations are also known from areas outside the Amazon; the  Rupununi and upper Essequibo  River drainages in Guyana, the Kaw and Approuague region of French Guiana, and the lower Oiapoque River (Amapá, Brazil/French Guiana border), with populations at Pointe Behague (French Guiana) and Cabo Orange (Brazil).

Today, M. niger is common throughout much of the Brazilian Amazon, and there are no reports of populations being locally endangered in the last 15-20 years. In 2007, the population was transferred to CITES Appendix II (Brazil 2007), a move that will facilitate managed commercial use.

Schneider's Smooth-fronted Caiman - Paleosuchus triginatus.

In: Crocodiles.Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan: 43-45.
Third Edition, ed. by S.C. Manolis and C. Stevenson. Crocodile Specialist Group: Darwin

Aus dem Inhalt:

Due to small body size and extensive ventral ossifi cation, the commercial value of the skin of P. trigonatus is very low. The management of P.  trigonatus is based principally on the protection of wild populations. Limited cropping is only allowed in Guyana, essentially for the pet trade, under a CITES quota

Cuvier's Smooth-fronted Caiman - Paleosuchus palpebrosus.

In: Crocodiles.Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan: 40-42.
Third Edition, ed. by S.C. Manolis and C. Stevenson. Crocodile Specialist Group: Darwin

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The dwarf caiman holds little potential for the development of  commercially-oriented  management  programs. The primary value in most countries is for subsistence hunting by rural inhabitants, and Paleosuchus spp. are sometimes taken preferentially over Caiman spp. Commercial exploitation in Guyana is based on the capture and sale of dwarf caiman for the pet industry.

magnusson-biblio

Maximum size of dwarf caiman, Paleosuchus palpebrosus (Cuvier, 1807), in the Amazon and habitats surrounding the Pantanal, Brazil.

Amphibia-Reptilia 31 (2010): 439-442

Abstract:

The dwarf caiman, Paleosuchus palpebrosus, is considered one of the smallest crocodilians. However, our surveys indicate that the species regularly reaches larger sizes than usually reported in the literature. Most individuals lose tail tips, and we did not encounter any individual with snout-vent length (SVL) >70 cm that had an intact tail. P. palpebrosus attains SVL >112.5 cm (equivalent to a total length with intact tail estimated from SVL of 210 cm) in streams around the Pantanal, 106 cm (198 cm) in flooded forest in central Amazonia, and 100 cm (187 cm) in flooded forest and around the Madeira-Guaporé River.