The rare flat-headed cat and other felids in Tabin Wildlife Reserve, Sabah, Malaysia.

Cat News No. 61: 37-41.  IUCN Cat Specialist Group. ISSN 1027-2992.

Abstract:

We present new observations of all five species of wild felid captured using large high-density camera trapping grids installed in Tabin Wildlife Reserve between the months March 2011-October 2012. This includes areas in the eastern part of the reserve that have never been surveyed before using the camera-trapping techniques. Camera trapping surveys within each grid were conducted for at least 12 weeks andran continuously over 24 hrs ensuring all individuals were captured. Our captures indicate secondary lowland dipterocarp forest is inhabited by all species of felid andevent data augment the little information available on the bay cat, marbled cat andflat-headed cat, the latter which was only previously recorded in Tabin on one occasion. Our capture of the flat-headed cat extends the known eastern range of this species.

 

gardner-biblio

Freigegeben in G

History of the Arabian leopard Captive Breeding Programme

Cat News Special Issue No. 1: 40-43.  IUCN Cat Specialist Group. ISSN 1027-2992.

Abstract:

The Arabian leopard (Panthera pardus nimr) is highly endangered and captive breeding has therefore become an essential component of conservation for this species. The Captive Breeding Program has been operating in its present form since 1999 although the fi rst Arabian leopards registered in the studbook were caught in 1985. During the 1990’s additional institutions within the range states began to acquire leopards and the need for a coordinated breeding program became a priority. The Regional Studbook was fi rst published in its present form in 1999 and has been followed by several Conservation Assessment and Management workshops through which improved regional cooperation has been initiated. A large proportion of the captive population is wild caught, however, only half of these have produced offspring in captivity. To maximise genetic diversity in the captive population, it is essential that the unrepresented founder animals contribute to the breeding program.

edmonds-biblio

23.12.2014 - 620

Freigegeben in E
Dienstag, 23 Dezember 2014 15:45

SPALTON, J. A. & AL HIKMANI, H. M. (2006)

The Leopard in the Arabian Peninsula - Distribution an Subspecies Status

Cat News Special Issue No. 1: 4-8- IUCN Cat Specialist Group. ISSN 1027-2992.

Abstract:

Historically it was considered that there were four subspecies of leopards in the Arabian region. Today P. p.jarvisi no longer occurs and the ranges of P. p. tulliana and P. p. saxicolor have severely contracted north. Only P. p. nimr, the Arabian leopard, remains. Morphological data suggests nimr to be the smallest of the leopards and a distinct subspecies but this has yet to be conclusively confi rmed by genetic evidence. Recent records give a bleak picture of the status of P. p. nimr. A few individuals survive in the Judean Desert and Negev Highlands while in the Arabian Peninsula leopards are known from just one location in the Republic of Yemen and one in the Sultanate of Oman. In Yemen the leopards of the Al Wada’a area are under great pressure from killing and from capture for trade. In Oman the situation is much more hopeful and the leopards of the Dhofar Mountains have benefi ted from comprehensive conservation measures. While the possibility, however remote, of the existence of other relict populations cannot be ruled out the need for urgent conservation action across the region is obvious given the reality that the Arabian leopard may soon be reduced to two, or even just one population in the wild.

spalton-biblio

23.12.2014 - 694

Freigegeben in S

Leopard - Panthera pardus.

Cat News Special Issue 5, Autumn 2010: Cats in China: 30-33. IUCN Cat Specialist Group, ISSN 1027-2992.

Abstract:

In Asia, the leopard was originally widely distributed south of about 45°N. Across southwest and central Asia, leopard populations are small, separated and isolated; distribution and present status is however poorly known in most central Asiatic countries. Leopards are believed to be still relatively abundant in the forests of the Indian sub-continent, through Southeast Asia and into China, although they are becoming increasingly rare outside protected areas. In China, they are still present throughout the east, centre and south. In the 1950s, national campaigns to eradicate pest animals – including tigers and leopards – had a considerable impact on the populations, mainly in the south. Based on purchased skins, 2,000–3,000 leopards were killed each year during the mid 1950s. The Critically Endangered Amur leopard has been reduced to a very small population in Russia, China, and possibly North Korea. The 2007 census revealed 25–34 animals remaining in the wild. Although P. p. orientalis is extremely rare compared to the other subspecies, we know much more about leopards in northeastern China than about those in the rest of the country, because the Amur leopard has received much attention and has also profited from field research and conservation activities focussing on Siberian tigers.

jutzeler-biblio

Freigegeben in J

From the Zoo back to Nature - Breeding Management from the IUCN's Perspective

In: P. Dollinger (ed.) Verh.ber. Rigi-Symposum 2: 44-46.  

Zusammenfassung:

Die IUCN Richtlinien für Wiederansiedlungen nennen folgenden Voraussetzungen für die Freisetzung von Zootieren:

  1. Das Taxon oder eine Population ist in Freiheit ausgestorben oder kritisch gefährdet.
  2. Es stehen keine Tiere aus der freien Wildbahn für eine Wiederansiedlung oder Aufstockung zur Verfügung.
  3. Die Zootiere sind genetisch und ethologisch für die Freilassung geeignet.
  4. Die Verwendung von Zootieren ist Teil eines umfassenden und koordinierten Erhaltungsprogramms.
  5. Die ausgesetzten Individuen und die sich daraus entwickelnde Populationen werden überwacht.

Von den drei europäischen Katzenarten wurden Wildkatzen und Eurasische Luchse aus Zoos für Aussetzungen verwendet, die Wiederansiedlung von gezüchteten Pardelluchsen ist geplant. Die Erhaltung des Pardelluchses ist nur noch über ein Zuchtprogramm möglich. Die Bedingungen für das Aussetzen von zoogeborenen Eurasischen Luchsen sind weder in Gefangenschaft noch im Freiland erfüllt. Die Freisetzung von Wildkatzen aus Zoos ist ambivalent. Die Zootiere scheinen geeignet, aber die Überwachung der freilebenden Tiere ist ungenügend.

Abstract

The IUCN Guidelines list the following conditions for the re-introduction of zoo animals:

  1. The taxon or a population is extinct in the wild or is critically endangered.
  2. There are no wild animals available for a re-introduction or re-stocking.
  3. The zoo animals are genetically and ethologically suitable for release.
  4. The use of zoo animals is part of an extensive and coordinated preservation programme.
  5. The released animals and the developing populations are supervised.

Out of the three European cats, wildcats, and European lynxes from zoos have been used for re-introductions. The release of bred Iberian lynxes is planned. The conservation of the Iberian lynx is only possible with the help of breeding programmes. The conditions for re-introducing zoo-bred Eurasian lynxes are neither fulfilled in captivity nor in the wild. The release of wildcats from zoos is ambivalent. Zoo animals seem to be suitable. However, the supervision of free-living animals is insufficient.

breitenmoser-biblio

04.06.2014 - 709

Freigegeben in B
Donnerstag, 14 Juni 2018 23:55

NOWELL, K. & JACKSON, P. (1996)

Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan - Wild Cats.

IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group. IUCN Gland. 382 pp. ISBN-2-8317-0045-0.

Abstract:

The publication resents the most comprehensive and up-to-date information available on the 36 wild cats of the world. It includes the first published collection of detailed range maps and some of the first photographs of rare species in the wild. It provides a thorough review of major issues in cat conservation such as habitat loss and management of big cats in livestock areas; field and laboratory research; international trade; the role of zoos; and reintroduction. High priority are identified to further the cause of cat conservation.

Introduction:

The Cat Action Plan Wild Cats: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan consists of a review and analysis of information relevant to the conservation of wild cats, and a priority action program.

Part I provides summaries of the biology, ecology, distribution, and conservation status of each cat species. These Species Accounts are organized under five geopolitical regions: Sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa and southwest Asia, Tropical Asia, Eurasia, and the Americas.

Part II examines the major issues pertinent to the conservation of all cats: habitat loss, management of big cats near people, research, trade, cats in captivity, and reintroduction. Parts I and II together form a comprehensive reference for people interested in cats and their conservation. The information contained within is a demonstration of the work of cat specialists, and it is hoped that the rich and multi-faceted picture of cats and their conservation which emerges will stimulate more people to become active on behalf of the wild cats. Wild Cats is more, however, than an authoritative reference work. It is a strategic planning document which prescribes methods for making cat conservation more effective. These principles of cat conservation, which can be drawn from the text, prioritize conservation action on both international and regional levels. The principles also serve as a framework to aid local authorities in planning their own cat conservation priorities.

Part III, the Action Plan itself, presents 105 projects that build on the data and recommendations presented previously, and focus the general principles of cat conservation. Drawn up by the Cat Specialist Group, they concentrate on the most vulnerable species and are priorities for cat conservation in the 1990s. Implementation of these projects forms the mission of the Cat Specialist Group over the coming decade. If these projects realize their objectives, the family Felidae should enter the 21st century in good shape. The priority projects listed in the Action Plan, for the most part, are in need of (1) financial support and (2) researchers and others to work on them. Those interested in funding, carrying out, or helping with any of these projects should contact the Vice Chairman, Projects for details: Kristin Nowell, 2520-4,41st St. NW, Washington DC 20007, U.S.A.

An Executive Summary of Wild Cats prefaces Part I. In addition, the “Major Issues” chapters of Part II end in short summary sections which outline key points. A regional index to species vulnerability, which generally indicates species conservation priority, prefaces each regional chapter in Part I, the Species Accounts. The introduction to the Species Accounts explains how species vulnerability is ranked. Part III, the Action Plan, is organized according to the topics examined in Part II and the species order of Part I.

The Cat Specialist Group
The IUCNKSC Cat Specialist Group is the world’s premier body of scientific and practical expertise on wild cats and their conservation. Over 160 members (see Appendix 5) represent 50 countries and include field biologists, wildlife managers, government officials, leaders of nongovernmental organizations which focus on cat conservation, and other specialists from diverse but interrelated fields including taxonomy, genetics, environmental law, wildlife trade and use, conservation education and wildlife photography, small population biology and captive breeding, and wildlife veterinary medicine. These people serve as Cat Specialist Group members in their personal capacities, but bring with them the experience and the knowledge gained in their professional careers. They volunteer the best of their thinking, and also, in many cases, their time and services, for cat conservation. This document represents the Group’s first major collective effort to review what has been accomplished in the past, and to prepare a strategic plan for future action.

Through its members, the Cat Specialist Group maintains a substantial collective library. The Group plans to consolidate and disseminate this resource by establishing a Cat Conservation Data Center (see priority project in Part III). The Chairman publishes a biannual newsletter, Cat News, which is circulated to members of the group. It is available to anyone else who makes an annual donation to a special fund in the name of “Friends of the Cat Group.”

For more information about the Cat Specialist Group, contact: Peter Jackson, Chairman, IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group, Route des Macherettes, 1172 Bougy-Villars, Switzerland, Tel + Fax: +41 (21) 808 6012, email: peterjackson@gn.apc.org or c/o the Species Survival Commission, IUCN-The World Conservation Union, 1196 Gland, Switzerland, Tel: +41 (22) 999 0001, Fax: +41 (22) 999 0015, email: mgd@hq.iucn.ch (attn jackson).

 

nowell-biblio

Freigegeben in N

Effect of housing and environmental enrichment on adrenocortical activity, behavior and reproductive cyclicity in the female tigrina (Leopardus tigrinus) and margay (Leopardus wiedii).

Zoo Biol. 26(6):441-60

Abstract:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different captive housing conditions on reproductive cyclicity and adrenocortical activity in adult females of two small‐sized felid species, the tigrina (Leopardus tigrinus; n = 3) and margay (Leopardus wiedii; n = 2). Females were housed as singletons and subjected to three enclosure conditions over successive time periods: Phase I—large, enriched enclosures for 3 months; Phase II—small, empty enclosures for 5.5 months; Phase III—the same small enclosures enriched with branches and nest boxes for 6.5 months. Fecal samples were collected five times weekly throughout the study for analysis of progestagen, estrogen, and corticoid metabolites. On the basis of observed behaviors, stereotypic pacing was more frequent before feeding for all cats, regardless of enclosure conditions. Both species displayed a bimodal activity pattern, with peaks occurring at nightfall and dawn. All animals exhibited agitated behavior, characterized by a high frequency and duration of stereotypic pacing, primarily during the first 3 days after moving to the small empty enclosures. On the basis of hormonal analyses, ovarian follicular activity decreased and corticoid concentrations increased in tigrinas after transfer to the small barren cages compared to the patterns observed in the initial large, enriched enclosures. Corticoid concentrations in tigrinas then declined after small cage enrichment. Margay females exhibited increased corticoid excretion during Phases II and III, but in contrast to tigrinas, concentrations remained high even after cage enrichment. It was further showed that enriching the small enclosures was insufficient to reestablish normal ovarian activity within the time frame of the study for both species. In summary, margay and tigrina females exhibited distinct elevations in corticoid concentrations after transfer from large enriched enclosures to smaller barren cages that corresponded with agitated behavior, especially immediately after transfer. Fecal corticoid concentrations were reduced after cage enrichment in tigrinas, but not in margays. Although only a few individuals were evaluated, data suggest there may be species differences in response to captive environmental conditions. Overall results emphasize the importance of enclosure dimensions and enrichment when designing species appropriate environments for improving the health and reproductive fitness of threatened species. 

 moreira-biblio

Freigegeben in M
Donnerstag, 14 Juni 2018 12:54

MEYER, J. N. von (1826)

Dissertatio inauguralis anatomico-medica de genere felium.

Diss. Vet. med. Univ. Wien. 62 pp.

 

meyer-biblio

Freigegeben in M
Donnerstag, 14 Juni 2018 10:50

HEMMER, H. (1974)

Untersuchungen zur Stammesgeschichte der Pantherkatzen (Pantherinae).
Teil III: Zur Artgeschichte des Löwen Panthera leo (Linnaeus 1758).

Veröff. Zool. Staatssammlung München 17: 167-280.

 

hemmer-biblio

Freigegeben in H
Donnerstag, 14 Juni 2018 10:48

HEMMER, H. (1967)

Über das Aussehen der klein- bzw. vorderasiatischen Löwen, Panthera leo ssp.

Säugetierkd. Mitt. 15, München: 50-53.

 

hemmer-biblio

 

Freigegeben in H
© Peter Dollinger, Zoo Office Bern hyperworx