McCULLOUGH, D. R. (1999)
Sika Deer Project News.
IUCN-SSC Deer Specialist Group News 15: 6-7.
Einleitung:
I am currently involved in a genetics study of the sika deer in Asia. This cooperative project involves scientists in Japan, Taiwan, Russia, China, Vietnam, and Great Britain, and DNA labs in Japan, Taiwan, and Scotland. Recently I have visited countries over most of the geographic distribution to gather tissue samples, and to assess the status of the species. The sika deer has been raised in captivity for antlers for the Chinese medicine market for many years, but uncontrolled hunting and habitat loss either has, or is, driving them to extinction in the wild.
Currently, China has some 600,000 in captivity, and less than 600 (and declining) in three isolated populations in the wild. They are extinct in the wild in Vietnam and Taiwan. Both countries have native sika deer in captivity, Vietnam about 3,000 in various locations, including 2 national parks, and Taiwan about 400 in 2 locations. They are also extinct in South Korea, and apparently no original stock is in captivity. Their status in North Korea is not known. Substantial wild populations still occur in Far East Russia and Japan.
McCULLOUGH, D.R., BALLOU, J.D. & FISCHER, J.K.. (1996)
From bottleneck to metapopulation: recovery of the tule elk in California.
In McCULLOUGH, D. R. , ed. Metapopulations and wildlife conservaton: 375-410.
Island Press, Washington, D.C.
Inhalt des Bandes:
Development of rural landscapes is converting once-vast expanses of open space into pockets of habitat where wildlife populations exist in isolation from other members of their species. The central concept of metapopulation dynamics -- that a constellation of partially isolated patches can yield overall stability to a system that is chaotic at the level of the individual patch -- offers an important new way of thinking about the conservation and management of populations dispersed among small habitat fragments. This approach is proving to be a rich resource for biologists hoping to arrest the current catastrophic loss of biodiversity.
An understanding of metapopulation theory and analysis is critical to the modern practice of wildlife conservation and management. This volume provides a comprehensive overview of the subject, addressing the needs of an applied professional audience for comprehensible information to integrate into their practices. Leading conservation biologists, ecologists, wildlife managers, and other experts consider the emergence and development of metapopulation theory and explore its applicability and usefulness to real-world conservation programs.
Introductory chapters provide background information on basic concepts such as models, genetics, landscape configuraton, and edges and corridors. Subsequent chapters present detailed methods of analyzing metapopulation structure. Case studies of an array of vertebrate species, including the Swedish pool frog, the northern spotted owl, Stephens' kangaroo rat, Florida scrub jay, Mediterranean monk seal, Steller sea lion, tule elk, and others, illustrate nuances of metapopulation theory analysis and its practical applications.
Contributors describe what metapopulation approaches bring to wildlife conservation and management, present models of how metapopulation thinking has been applied in specific situations, and suggest the analysis required in given cases. Metapopulations and Wildlife Conservation is essential reading for anyone working in the field of wildlife conservation and managment.
MALLON, D.P. & KINGSWOOD, S. C. (2001)
Antelopes - Global Survey and Regional Action Plans, Part 4: North Africa, the Middle East and Asia.
260 Seiten. Verbreitungskarten.
IUCN, Gland. ISBN 2-8317-0594-0.
Vorwort:
The IUCN/SSC Antelope Specialist Group was created in 1978 and currently has more than 100 members based in over 40 countries .A key objective of the group is to monitor the conservation status of all antelope species .The publication of Part 4 of Antelopes: Global Survey and Regional
Action Plans is an important and eagerly awaited milestone in achieving this objective .Following on from Parts 1 to 3, which dealt with the antelopes of sub-Saharan Africa, Part 4 completes the Antelope Specialist Group’s efforts to summarise current knowledge of the status of each antelope
species in all of its range states, and to develop Regional Action Plans for antelope conservation.
The completion of Part 4 is a tribute to the unstinting efforts and persistence of the compilers. They have produced a comprehensive work, which is a major addition to our knowledge of antelopes and will be of lasting value to antelope conservation .As the compiler of Parts 1 to 3 of
Antelopes: Global Survey and Regional Action Plans, I am uniquely placed to understand the magnitude of the compilers’ task. This is exacerbated by the relatively large number of species and range states that are covered by the Antelope Specialist Group. I warmly congratulate David Mallon and Steven Kingswood on their successful completion of this mammoth undertaking.
With almost 100 species globally, antelopes achieve an exceptionally high diversity compared to most other groups of medium to large-sized mammals . The living antelope species represent the continuation of a major and relatively recent evolutionary heritage and are among the most successful groups of large herbivores that have ever existed on Earth .They are also important flagship species for the conservation of natural environments .Flourishing antelope populations are key indicators of healthy grasslands, woodlands, forests, and deserts in many parts of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Hence, the conservation of antelopes is a vital component of biodiversity conservation throughout these regions .In addition, the beauty and grace of antelopes give them high aesthetic value. They are also an important natural resource in economic terms, through consumptive uses such as hunting for trophies, meat, and skins, and non-consumptive uses such as game-viewing tourism.
Threats to the survival of antelopes arise fundamentally from the growth of human and domestic livestock populations, which result in increasing degradation and destruction of natural habitats and excessive offtake by hunting for meat and skins. Unfortunately, these processes are even more advanced in much of the region covered by Part 4 of Antelopes: Global Survey and Regional Action Plans than in sub-Saharan Africa. Consequently, antelope populations have been severely depleted or exterminated over large parts of North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia .Nevertheless, viable and sometimes substantial remnants of most of the region’s antelope species survive.
Emphasis must now shift to the implementation of the conservation priorities identified in the Regional Action Plan, within the context of sustainable development and the conservation of biological diversity .Co-ordinated efforts by government and non-government agencies and conservation organisations will be essential to implement the protection and management regimes which are required to assure the long-term survival of representative examples of this spectacular group of mammals and their natural habitats.
Rod East
Co-Chair, Antelope Specialist Group
mallon-biblio
LAURO, A. (1989)
Die Geschichte des Steinbocks im Kanton Wallis.
Jagd und Hege, Naturschutz 4/16. Wildtier Schweiz, Zürich.
lauro-biblio
KIRK, G. K. (1968)
Säugetierschutz - Erhaltung, Bewahrung, Schutz. Theriophylaxe.
216 Seiten, 1 Farbtafel, 67 Abb. und 3 Karten
Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart.
Buchbesprechung:
Das vorliegende Buch ist eine erweiterte Ausgabe des 1957 erschienenen Werkes „Theriophylaxe". Der Band ist in einen allgemeinen Teil (über Vernichtung, Jagd, Tierquälerei, Gesetzgebung, Nationalparks, Tiergärten) und einen größeren, systematischen Teil gegliedert. Der Säugetierschutz erstreckt sich über die gesamte Erde. In knapper Form wird sowohl die Theriophylaxe der Kulturlandschaft unserer Heimat als auch die ferner tropischer Länder behandelt. Besonders großen Raum nehmen im systematischen Teil die Kapitel über Fledermäuse, Raubtiere und Paarhufer ein. Ein sehr ausführlicher Literaturhinweis mit über 1300 Unterlagen und ein Sachregister schließen das Werk ab. Mit sehr viel Mühe und Arbeit ist hier auf engem Raum ein preiswertes Nachschlagewerk entstanden, aus dem stets eine übermächtige Liebe und Sorge um die heutige Tierwelt spricht.
Dr. Otto Zahradnik (Wien)
kirk-biblio
KELLER, V., ZBINDEN, N., SCHMID, H., VOLET, B. (2001)
Rote Liste der gefährdeten Brutvogelarten der Schweiz.
Vollzug Umwelt. Bundesamt für Umwelt, Wald und Landschaft (BUWAL), Bern, und Schweizerische Vogelwarte, Bern und Sempach. 57 Seiten.
Zusammenfassung:
Die Rote Liste der gefährdeten Brutvogelarten der Schweiz 2001 enthält die Liste aller Brutvögel mit den Gefährdungskategorien nach den Kriterien der IUCN. Sie wurde von der Schweizerischen Vogelwarte Sempach erstellt und ersetzt die Liste von 1994: Zbinden et al., in: Duelli (1994): Rote Listen der gefährdeten Tierarten der Schweiz.
HOFER, U., MONNEY, J.-C. & DUSEJ, G, (2001)
Die Reptilien der Schweiz : Verbreitung - Lebensräume - Schutz.
Les Reptiles de Suisse: Répartition, Habitats, Protection / I Rettili della Svizzera: Distribuzione, Habitat, Protezione.
xi + 202 Seiten; 90 Farbfotos, Verbreitungskarten für alle Arten.
Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, Boston, Berlin. ISBN 3-7643-6245-6.
Inhalt:
Neben artübergreifenden Betrachtungen werden alle 15 einheimische Arten vorgestellt. Über 43'000 Einzelbeobachtungen von Schlangen und Echsen aus sieben Jahrzehnten machen diesen Atlas zur ersten umfassenden Darstellung der Repitilienfauna der Schweiz.
HENSCHEL, P., AZANI, D., BURTON, C., MALANDA, G., SAYDU, Y., SAM, M. & HUNTER, L. (2010)
Lion status updates from five range countries in West and Central Africa.
Cat News Nr. 52: 34-39. ISSN 1027-2992.
Abstract:
The lion Panthera leo is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and the species’ current status raises increasing concern among lion specialists across its African range. The situation is particularly alarming in West and Central Africa, where as few as 1000-2850 lions might remain, and where it is considered regionally Endangered in West Africa. Here we present results from lion surveys conducted in 2006-2010, covering 12 Lion Conservation Units (LCUs) in West Africa and three LCUs in Central Africa. We were able to confirm lion presence in only two of the LCUs surveyed in West Africa, and in none of the LCUs surveyed in Central Africa. Our results raise the possibility that no resident lion populations exist in Congo, Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana.
henschel-biblio
HAUSMANN, R. & ZENTNER, F. (2008)
"Wild geboren" - Wisentreservat Damerower Werder.
Gebunden, 100 Seiten, 110 Farbfotos, 31 s/w-Fotos.
WAGE-Verlag, D-18195 Tessin. ISBN 978-3-937216-18-8.
Beschreibung:
Das Wisentreservat „Damerower Werder“ ist ein einzigartiges Refugium im Herzen der Meckenburger Seenplatte. 1957 begann hier die Erfolgsgeschichte der Arterhaltung des Wisents unter natürlichen Bedingungen. Im Laufe der Jahrzehnte entwickelte sich diese Zuchtstation zu einer der international bedeutendsten Einrichtungen. Viel Wissenswertes über das Bison, von Insidern beschrieben, historisch recherchiert, dokumentiert und fotografiert.
hausmann-biblio
HARTMANN-FURTER, M. (2011)
Breeding European wildcats (Felis silvestris silvestris, Schreber, 1777) in species-specific enclosures for reintroduction in Germany.
In: VARGAS, A., BREITENMOSER, C. & BREITENMOSER, U,: Conservación Ex situ del Lince Ibérico: Un Enfoque Multidisciplinar / Iberian Lynx Ex situConservation: An Interdisciplinary Approach: 453-461. Published by Fundación Biodiversidad in collaboration with IUCN Cat Specialist Group
Abstract:
In the course of a long-term experimental study in Switzerland, a species-specific enclosure for European Wildcats was developed in which animals encounter all the structures and stimuli relevant to their behaviours as regards all functional cycles. The natural habitat of a species is commonly regarded as the environment where the animals' needs are best met. Since the species has adapted to the demands of this environment in the course of its evolution, this is where the animals are able to perform their natural behaviours. Consequently, the behaviour of animals living in the wild can be used as a basis for deducing zoo environments. However, most animals are difficult to observe in the wild. A large, complex and richly structured enclosure can be a substitute for the natural habitat if the animals are provided with the essential structures and stimuli necessary for performing their natural behaviours. An enclosure can be used as a substitute for the natural habitat and therefore as a reference for other housing systems if the animals in this enclosure are free of behavioural disturbances and if their behaviour does not deviate from that of their conspecifics in the wild, which is the case in my wildcat enclosures. The cats show a rhythm of activity similar to the one of their conspecifics in the wild, and an electronic feeding device, specifically tailored to wildcats, enables them to express very nearly the whole range of their natural hunting behaviour. The essential structures must be available in the right arrangement within the enclosure, with the keeper's appropriate behaviour as the second and equally important factor. The results of this study as well as the feeding technique have been applied in several wildlife parks in Switzerland and Germany.
hartmann-biblio.